The bismuth-boro-tellurite glass has been chosen by various analysts from all around the world due to its advantages and ability the improvement of glass technologies. This paper aims to study the structural and optical properties of the bismuth-boro-tellurite glass system with different amounts of thulium oxide as a glass dopant. Four glass sample from chemical composition of [(B2O3)0.25 (TeO2)0.75]0.75 [(Bi2O3)0.25]1-x [Tm2O3]x (x = 0.000, 0.005, 0.010, and 0.015 mol%) were prepared by melt-quenching method with suitable melting and quenching temperature. The Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) was used for recording their optical absorption spectra. These optical absorption spectra were used to determine the optical band gap energy, refractive index, and polarizability of all glass samples. While the structural changes are observed using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).

This article reports the influence of thulium oxide on gamma shielding parameters of (B2O3)0.2-x (TeO2)0.5 (Bi2O3)0.3 (Tm2O3)x glass system. The mass attenuation coefficient has been obtained by the WinXCom program, whereas the effective atomic number and the electron density have been calculated from a comprehensive and consistent set of formulas. Appreciable variations have been observed for all parameters by varying the chemical composition of the glass and the gamma photon energy. The theoretical results have shown that the addition of the rare-earth oxide, Tm2O3 into the glass system as the dopant attenuates more gamma irradiation and improves the radiation shielding properties of the glass system. The interactions between the photons and the glass materials have been explained by the Photoelectric Effect, Compton Scattering and Pair Production.