Fob a number of years we have been exploring the highlanes of southern Mexico in a study of the role played hallucinogenic mushrooms in the reliirious life of the Indians. We began by visiting the Sierra Mazateca in 1953, in the northernmost part of the state of Oaxaca, returning there in 1955 and every year thereafter through 1902. At an early date we learned of a psychotropic plant that the Mazatecs consume when mushrooms are not available. But as we and our collaborator Roger Heim were concentrating on the difficult task of locating and identifying the various species of hallucinogenic mushrooms, we had to neglect for some time this plant that the Indians employ as a less desirable substitute. In 1900 and 1961, we brought back specimens and submitted them for determination to Schultes and to Epling. All of t lie specimens available proved to be unsatisfactory for specific identification. Finally, in September and October of 1962, satisfactory herbarium material reached * us, when we were in San Jose Tenango, on which Dr. Epling could base his specific description. Tenango, at
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