The introduction of modern methods for field assessment of winter wheat genotypes is an integral part of improving the quality of the breeding process. The creation, adaptation and use of innovative screening technologies in breeding is becoming increasingly popular and allows the breeder to more widely and objectively evaluate the original forms and newly created material. Important for winter is the autumn period, when under favorable weather conditions (gradual decrease in temperature) there is a slowdown in the growth rate of winter wheat, changing physiological and biochemical processes in the plant, which contribute to its transition to hibernation. The state of winter wheat crops (morpho-biometric indicators of plants) in the autumn is largely decisive in the formation of a sufficient level of winter hardiness, and thus affects the further productivity of the crop. According to the results of analysis of morpho-biological and spectral analysis data, it was established that before overwintering the best condition for the first sowing period was winter wheat plants: MIP Lada (NDVI = 0.48), erythrospermum line 55023 (NDVI = 0.46), Lutesens 60049 (NDVI = 0.46), varieties MIP Distinction (NDVI = 0.46) MIP Jubilee (NDVI = 0.46), MIP Dnipryanka (NDVI = 0.46) and line Lutesens 55198 (MIP Gift) (NDVI = 0, 47). In the standard variety Podolyanka, the index value was at the level of 0.45. During the second sowing period, the following varieties were identified: MIP Assol (NDVI = 0.32), Ballad Myronivska (NDVI = 0.32), Erythrospermum 55023 (NDVI = 0.33), MIP Lada (NDVI = 0.33), MIP Jubilejna ( NDVI = 0.32) and Lutesens 55198 (MIP Gift) (NDVI = 0.32) and Lutesens 60107 (NDVI = 0.32). NDVI index of Podolyanka variety was at the level of 0.32.

Purpose. To evaluate the varieties: ‘MIP Assol’, ‘Balada Myronivska’, ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’, ‘MIP Yuvileina’, ‘MIP Lada’, ‘MIP Dniprianka’ and the standard variety ‘Podolianka’ and promising breeding lines: ‘Erythrospermum 55023’, ‘Lutescens 22198’, ‘Lutescens 37519’, ‘Lutescens 60049’, ‘Lutescens 60107’ winter wheat of the Mironovka`s breeding according to grain quality indicators. Methods. The research was conducted during the 2019–2021 in the breeding crop rotation of the winter wheat breeding laboratory of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, NAАS of Ukraine. The main method of research was laboratory and field, supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations and observations. Results. The following breeding lines were the best in terms of protein content during the first sowing period: ‘Erythrospermum 55023’ (11.9%), ‘Lutescens 55198’ (12.8%), ‘Lutescens 37519’ (11.7%) and ‘Lutescens 60107’ (10.7%). During the second sowing period, the best varieties and breeding lines turned out to be ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’ (11.4%), ‘MIP Dniprianka’ (12.3%), ‘Erythrospermum 55023’ (12.3 %), ‘Lutescens 55198’ (11.4%), ‘Lutescens 37519’ (12.3%) and ‘Lutescens 60049’ (12.8%). According to the grain vitrification index during the first sowing period, the following can be distinguished: ‘Balada Myronivska’ (86.7%), ‘MIP Lada’ (89.3%), ‘MIP Dniprianka’ (87.3%), ‘Erythrospermum 55023’ (86.3 %), ‘Lutescens 55198’ (94.3 %) and ‘Lutescens 37519’ (91.0 %). During the second sowing period, these were ‘Balada Myronivska’ (86.7%), ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’ (79.3%), ‘MIP Lada’ (85.0%), ‘MIP Dniprianka’ (81.7%) and breeding lines ‘Lutescens 55198’ (80.7%) and ‘Lutescens 60049’ (81.3%). According to the content of raw gluten, the variety ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’ (26.2%) was selected. For all studied breeding lines, the value of the crude gluten content indicator varied from 26.0% to 29.9%. Du­ring the second sowing period, a higher percentage of raw gluten content was noted in the varieties ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’ (29.9%) and ‘MIP Dniprianka’ (27.4%) and selection lines – ‘Erythrospermum 55023’ (28.4%), ‘Lutescens 55198’ (27.4%), ‘Lutescens 37519’ (27.1%) and ‘Lutescens 60049’ (29.1%). Conclusions. During the three years of observations, the weather conditions differed in the amount of precipitation and the sum of active temperatures both during the growing season and during the period of flowering and maturation, which significantly affected the results of the analysis of grain quality indicators of winter wheat varieties and promising lines. Having analyzed the obtained results, it is possible to single out the varieties ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’ and ‘MIP Dniprianka’, as well as the breeding lines: ‘Erythrospermum 55023’, ‘Lutescens 55198’, ‘Lutescens 37519’ and ‘Lutescens 60049’, which exceeded the standard variety ‘Podolianka’ and the average experimental values for such basic indicators as protein content, gluten content, vitreousness and 1000-seed weight.

Purpose. Conduct a spectral assessment of winter wheat varieties (‘MIP Assol’, ‘Balada Myronivska’, ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’, ‘MIP Yuvileina’, ‘MIP Lada’, ‘MIP Dniprianka’, and standard ‘Podolianka’) and perspective breeding lines (‘Erythrospermum 55023’, ‘Lutescens 22198’, ‘Lutescens 37519’, ‘Lutescens 60049’, ‘Lutescens 60107’) of Myronivka Institute breeding during the flowering period and to evaluate the dependence of the obtained NDVI indicator on their productivity. Methods. The research was conducted during the 2018/19–2020/21 growing seasons in the breeding crop rotation of the winter wheat breeding laboratory of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Wheat Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The main method of research is field, supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations and observations. Obtaining values of vegetation indices of varieties and breeding lines of winter wheat was carried out using the Mavic zoom 2 UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) using the Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera. Pix4Dcapture and Pix4Dmapper programs were used to create an orthophoto map. Photographing was carried out with a multispectral camera at a height of 30 m above the level of the object under study in order to improve the quality of the orthophoto map with an overlap of 80% of the images and a time interval of 2 seconds. The NDVI index (normalized difference vegetation index) was calculated according to the appropriate formula. Results. According to the research results, regardless of the conditions of the year, in the first, optimal sowing period (25.09–05.10), the NDVI indicator in the flowering-ripening phase of wheat had higher values than in the second, late period (05–15.10) (average value over three years for the first semester was 0.69, the second – 0.62). In the course of the research, we established the dependence of the vegetation index NDVI on the level of productivity of wheat genotypes. The best varieties and promising lines among those studied were ‘MIP Lada’, ‘Lutescens 55198’ and ‘Lutescens 60049’, as well as ‘MIP Assol’ and ‘Hratsiia Myronivska’, which were less sensitive to sowing dates and had a higher index and control of yield indicators even with late sowing dates. Conclusions. Although existing today phenotyping methods need to be improved and localized, in the near future they will become an indispensable tool for the breeder, which will increase the volume of studied varieties and improve the quality of the results of morpho-biological analysis

Development of new and introduction of existing methods of field estimation of genotypes of winter wheat is one of the key tasks of modern selection. The use of modern screening methods in breeding allows the breeder to obtain a more objective assessment, as well as to increase the volume of the studied samples. The time of restoration of spring vegetation (TRSV) is one of the most important stages of the vegetation period of winter wheat. Biometric and spectral evaluation of winter wheat with the onset of TRSV makes it possible to establish how plants of a certain genotype overwintered, as well as the state of their growth and development before the second growing season. The aim of the study was to establish the peculiarities of growth and development of plants of modern varieties and promising selection lines of winter wheat of the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat from sowing to the restoration of spring vegetation. Hydrothermal conditions of the period of germination-TRSV differently affected the reproductive process of the studied genotypes of winter wheat. According to research, abnormally arid conditions from sowing to the end of autumn vegetation in 2019 had a negative impact on the condition of winter wheat plants, which were in phase 10-13 according to the international classification of BBCH, autumn tillering did not occur. Regardless of the genotype, the plants of the first sowing period were more developed. At the time of resumption of spring vegetation in terms of biometric and spectral indicators better than the standard Podolyanka (NDVI = 0.52) were: varieties MIP Dnipryanka (NDVI = 0.58), MIP Lada (NDVI = 0.56), Balada Myronivska (NDVI = 0.56) and lines Lutescens 37519 (NDVI = 0.55) and Erythrospermum 55023 (NDVI = 0.58). During the second sowing period, the MIP Dnipryanka variety (NDVI = 0.45) and the selection lines Lutescens 37519 (NDVI = 0.44) and Erythrospermum 55023 (NDVI = 0.43) were isolated. The Podolyanka standard variety had an NDVI index value of 0.43. Varieties MIP Lada and Balada Myronivska are more sensitive to sowing dates and require a longer period of autumn vegetation to accumulate more dry matter and better winter dormancy.