Seawater is an aggressive environment which causes the necessity of using corrosion protection of hulls of ships. Cathodic protection is an effective prevention method which has been applied in this area for many years. In this method, potential of the ship's hull is reduced by using galvanic anodes (so-called protectors), which are additionally exposed to cavitation erosion.Results of cavitation erosion resistance investigation of alloys commonly used in cathodic protection of hulls of ships, are presented in this paper. The tests were carried out on the three, most often applied materials which are zinc, aluminium and magnesium alloys. The investigated samples were subjected to cavitation conditions in a jet-impact laboratory stand. Destruction mechanism of the surface layer affected by working liquid was described. The highest cavitational erosion resistance among all studied alloys was exhibited by AlMg alloy.Keywords: cavitation, cavitation erosion, cathodic protection, galvanic anodes Agresywne środowisko wody morskiej powoduje konieczność ochronny przed korozją kadłubów statków. Skuteczną metodą jest od wielu lat stosowana ochrona katodowa. Polega ona na obniżeniu potencjału kadłuba poprzez stosowanie anod galwanicznych (protektorów), które są dodatkowo narażone na erozję kawitacyjną.W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań odporności na erozję kawitacyjną stopów stosowanych do ochrony katodowej kadłubów statków. Do badań wybrano trzy najczęściej stosowane stopy: cynku, aluminium i magnezu. Próbki poddawano obciążeniom kawitacyjnym na stanowisku strumieniowo-uderzeniowym. Opisano mechanizm niszczenia warstwy wierzchniej materiału pod wpływem oddziaływania cieczy roboczej.Wykazano, iż największą odporność na erozję kawitacyjną wśród badanych stopów wykazuje stop aluminium AlMg.
The problem of the devastation of fluid-flow machinery components is very complex, because it consists of processes of erosion and corrosion. The most dangerous factor is the cavitation phenomenon, which is very difficult to eliminate through the use of design solutions. Usage of materials with greater resistance to cavitation erosion seems to be an obvious effective method of prevention. Such materials as FeAl intermetallic alloys and ceramic materials may be considered as reasonable candidates for this purpose. In the presented work, cavitation erosion resistance of FeAl intermetallic alloys and Al 2 O 3 -based ceramic materials, was investigated and compared.Keywords: cavitation, cavitation wear, intermetallic alloys, Al 2 O 3 -based ceramicsProblem niszczenia elementów maszyn przepływowych jest bardzo złożony, ponieważ składa się z procesów erozyjnych i korozyjnych. Najbardziej niebezpiecznym czynnkiem jest zjawisko kawitacji, które bardzo trudno jest wyeliminować poprzez stosowanie rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych. Skutecznym rozwiązaniem jest stosowanie materiału o większej odporności na erozję kawitacyjną. Takimi materiałami mogą być stopy intermetaliczne FeAl lub materiały ceramiczne. W pracy przedstawiono porównanie odporności na erozję kawitacyjną stopów intermetalicznych FeAl i materiałów ceramicznych na bazie Al 2 O 3 .
The main purpose of this work was to experimentally determine the effect of the cooling rate during the eutectoid transformation on the corrosion resistance of a hypoeutectic Zn-4Al cast alloy in 5% NaCl solution. This was considered in relation to the alloy microstructure. For this purpose, metallographic and electrochemical studies were performed. It was found that the faster cooling promoted the formation of finer (α + η) eutectoid structures, which translated into a higher hardness and lower corrosion current density. In the initial stage of corrosion processes the eutectoid structure in the eutectic areas were attacked. At the further stages of corrosion development, the phase η was dissolved, and the α phase appears to be protected by the formation of corrosion products.
A results of test of erosion and corrosion resistance of pearlitic gray cast iron (grade EN GJ 400) are showed. The NaCl solutions and of ethylene glycol solutions were used as the test environment. Examination were performed at varying cavitation load, in the range 2,8 ÷ 20 W/cm2.
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