In dentistry nowadays, local anesthesia is the standard and the backbone for controlling pain Every year, researchers seek and develop new ways in which pain can be alleviated and managed better to ensure patient comfort by focusing on improving aspects such as anaesthetic agents, delivery devices and the techniques involved. The introduction of newer techniques assists dentists in providing enhanced pain relief with reduced pain from injection and fewer adverse reactions. Objective. The purpose of this overview is to highlight the mechanism and efficacy of certain anaesthetic agents, emphasizing complications associated with local anesthesia, as well as the modern techniques that have been developed to improve patient comfort and reduce pain while performing anaesthesia.

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