Algal and fungal microfossils recovered from the type area of Matanomadh Formation (Palaeocene), in the district of Kutch, Gujarat have been described. The assemblage comprises 20 genera and 27 species. Out of these, 10 genera and 13 species belong to algae and 10 genera and 14 species belong to fungi. Of the algae, Leioplanktona gen. nov. and Matanomadhia gen. nov. are quite common. Amongst the fungi, Phragmothyrites (Edw.) emend., Notothyrites Cook. (1947) and Inapertusporites (v.d. Ham.) Els. (1968) are frequently found. Microthyriacites Cook. (1947), Callimothallus Dil. (1965), Microthallites Dil. (1965) and Pseudosphaerialites Venk. & Kar (1969b) have been regarded here as junior synonyms of Phragmothyrites (Edw.) emended here. The present assemblage has been compared with the known algal and fungal assemblages from the Tertiaries of India. It has been inferred on the good percentage of microthyriaceous fungi that during Palaeocene, Matanomadh and the adjacent regions were having a tropical and humid climate favouring a luxuriant vegetation of pteridophytes and angiosperms.

More than 400 genera and 1000 species of angiosperm pollen are known from the Tertiary sediments of India. It has been observed that large numbers of these taxa are based on one or few specimens and meagre morphological differentiation. Thus, their usefulness is limited, Thanikaimoni et al., (1984) and Venkatachala et al., (989), in an effort to distinguish important stratigraphic and environmental markers, selected several taxa and illustrated, discussed and compared them with the African pollen. In continuation, holotypes, paratypes and other specimens of selected species available at the repository of the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow have been restudied, critically evaluated and their morphological limits circumscribed to make them more useful and applicable for age determination and stratigraphic correlation as well as for Palaeoenvironmental interpretation with emphasis on their affinity with extant taxa.