In the recent trend, many manufacturing industries are looking to develop and optimise their operational excellence to match the raising complexity of integrating lean concept and Industrial 4.0 (I4.0). Through literatures of previous researchers, the authors can state that the lean principle and concept are the backbone for the industrial operational excellence which has been the primary objective across all sectors. Industry 4.0 has numerous technologies advanced to back up the process optimisation and supplement need for greener environment in industries. In this chapter, the study primarily focusses on exploring and identifying the best suited Industry 4.0 technologies, which can enhance lean and green paradigms in industry through which a clear pathway can be created for smooth transfer of technology within a system. Also, the authors have discussed the enhancement of lean tools by application of Industry 4.0 technologies and have developed a relationship matrix between Industrial 4.0 technologies and lean practices.

<p><em>Ram Shetty started his business in 2005 in a small way which grew up to be a big business. He was into the business of bidding through contracts for nationalised banks to erect ATM structures. His business turnover grew from a humble Rs 20 Lakh to be a 6 00Lakh business within a span of 6 years by 2012. Although his business grew he faced a problem which most start ups face. He was having a cash crunch in managing his say to day operations. This is normally an issue of working capital management. Dr Ramesh a consultant was roped in and he was from academia and had done a few consulting projects ,but he was not able to identify the issue and provide a solution to Mr Shetty, although he had recognised that things were not moving in the right direction. Dr Ramesh had been a consultant for the firm for almost three long years. My assistance was sought to probe the whole issue and provide a solution.</em></p>

The current era is moving towards digitalization of the system in every aspect, be it in manufacturing, automobile, or service sectors. This long way in digitalization has been done by overcoming a lot of barriers in their path. The healthcare sector is no exception to this and has also shifted to the ideology of moving to digitalization. This chapter discusses how the healthcare sector is adopting digitalization and the presence of internet of things (IoT) in the healthcare system. The barriers for implementing IoT in healthcare are identified and have been clustered under different categories with each being discussed in detail for better understanding of how it stands as a barrier to implementing IoT in the healthcare sector. The drivers for implementing IoT in healthcare are also identified and grouped accordingly. With a detailed study on barriers and drivers, this chapter helps to identify the key barriers and drivers that are to be addressed while implementing IoT in healthcare systems for a smooth transformation from conventional medical care to e-healthcare.

Technology adoption has been critical to the organizations as it is a deciding factor for successful business in the global market and a way to cope with hyper competition. Many industries have clearly not been successful in implementing or integrating new technology. This chapter reviews and discusses the key barriers in adapting the technology and drivers which would be supportive to overcome these key critical barriers. This could be apt and clear for an organisation to review the key factors that need to be assessed in the initial stage for a successful adaption of technology.