Background and Aims Studies have shown that the incidence of severe COVID-19 pneumonia is higher in elderly patients and especially those with comorbidities including chronic kidney disease. The aim of our study was to determine risk factors for mortality in elderly chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Method We conducted a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study, in the dialysis unit of the internal medicine department at Charles Nicolle Hospital over an 11-month period from September 2020 to August 2021. We studied the correlation between mortality and the different epidemiological, clinical and biological data via the SPSS software. Results We included 59 patients, with a mean age of 73 years [65-93] and a gender ratio of 1. All patients had confirmed COVID-19 infection, chronic kidney failure and required regular HD since at least 3 months. One on four patients had a coronary artery disease, 55% were diabetics and 72% had hypertension. From the 19 patients who underwent chest scan, 68% had severe lesions. Emergency HD had to be conducted for 25% of the patients, mainly because of hyperkalemia. At least one ongoing HD session was interrupted for neurologic, hemodynamic or respiratory instability in 26% of the patients. Mortality rate was 58%. Data that were associated with mortality in the univariate study were oxygen needs (p<10-3), COVID-19 infection severity (p=0.007), and interruption of HD session (p<10-3). Low blood pH levels and high pCo2 levels were also correlated to mortality (p=0.032 and p=0.020). Predictors of mortality in multivariate analysis were high oxygen needs (OR=1.368; 95% CI [1.081-1.732]; P = .009), interruption of HD session (OR=1.426; 95% CI [1.070-1.846]; P = .014) and severe form of COVID-19 infection (OR=1.770; 95% CI [1.062-2.980]; P = .029). Conclusion According to these results, high oxygen needs, severity of COVID-19 infection and interruption of HD session represented risk factors of death in elderly patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. As highlighted in previous studies, mortality rate in COVID-19 seems to be higher among elderly patients. However, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases were not identified as predictors of mortality in this sample of patients.
symptomatic. Symptoms included cognitive decline/visual symptoms, optic ischaemic neuropathy/ auditory symptoms, nuchal pain & shoulder discomfort, instability whilst walking associated with a very high risk of falls & fracture, profound fatigue causing a state of marked dependency & house-bound for the most part of the inter-dialytic period. She received Midodrine 10 mg TDS, Fludrocortisone 100mcg & Erythropoietin.Droxidopa was commenced, in addition to other drugs, with 1 week of cardiac monitoring-No arrhythmias were recorded & LVOT gradient did not change at a dose of 400mg pre-dialysis at 0700 hours 3 times a week.The Orthostatic Hypotension Questionnaire (OHQ) was used to assess symptoms burden & severity of hypotension before commencing Droxidopa. Symptoms Diary was maintained by the patient throughout.Results: Table1 OHQ Scores Conclusions: Droxidopa 400 mg on dialysis days was well tolerated, achieved both symptomatic improvement & better blood pressure readings, both on HD & non-HD days during 4 months of follow up. Off label use can be considered in selected cases of difficult to manage hypotension in HD population, provided close & frequent monitoring can be offered.
Introduction Durant la pandémie liée au SARS-CoV-2, les patients en hémodialyse chronique, ne pouvant être confinés, et à cause de leur immunodépression et comorbidités sont à haut risque de développer un COVID-19. Description Nous avons étudié les particularités cliniques et évolutives de la maladie chez nos patients. Méthodes Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective et descriptive incluant 36 patients hémodialysées chroniques infectés par SARS-CoV-2. Résultats L’âge moyen de nos patients était de 59,48 ± 16,13 ans ; 63,18 % étaient hypertendus, 41,66 % étaient diabétiques, 22,22 % avaient une insuffisance coronaire et 13,18 % avaient une dyslipidémie. La néphropathie initiale était une néphropathie interstitielle chronique dans 19,44 % des cas suivi par la néphropathie diabétique dans 16,66 % des cas. L’ancienneté en hémodialyse médiane était égale à 2 ans [0,5–23 ans]. L’accès vasculaire était une FAV pour 55,55 % des patients et un cathéter jugulaire pour 13,88 %. Le taux médian de l’hémoglobine était de 8,85 g/dL [5,9–14 g/dL] avant l’infection et 8,15 g/dL [5,6–14,4 dL/L] après. L’albuminémie, la calcémie et la phosphorémie moyennes étaient de 31,06 g/L, 2,02 mmol/L et 1,64 mmol/L respectivement avant la maladie et de 30,7 g/L, 2,14 mmol/L et 2,08 mmol/L respectivement après. La CRP médiane était respectivement de 13 et 12 avant et après. Les complications observées étaient une complication thromboembolique (16,66 %), une hémorragie sévère (11,11 %), un sepsis (8,3 %) et une dépendance à l’oxygène (5,55 %). Le taux de mortalité était de 33,33 %. La cause de décès était un arrêt hypoxique dans la majorité des cas (58,3 %), une poussée de la maladie dans 25 % des cas, une néoplasie dans 2,7 % des cas et un sepsis dans 2,7 % des cas. Conclusion Le COVID-19 a de lourdes conséquences sur la morbidité et la mortalité chez les hémodialysés chroniques. La prévention par l’instauration d’une stratégie de vaccination en masse et d’isolement des cas suspects rapidement.
antibiotics along with oxygen therapy in 12 (50%) and 2 (8.3 %) received Plasma therapy along with oxygen therapy and antibiotics. 7 (29.2%) patients died (4 from acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to Covid-19 pneumonia, 1 had loss of hemodialysis access after fistula failure,1 had myocardial Infarction one month after recovery, 1 had fistula rupture and haemorrhagic shock one month after recovery from Covid-19). 17 (70.33) patients are alive of them 14 have fully recovered with mild generalized weakness, 1 had fistula failure, 1 had severe weakness, 1 developed massive intracranial bleed, massive ascites and severe reduction in mobility since Covid-19.Conclusions: Haemodialysis patients are at high risk of developing COVID-19 24(5.7%) compared to general population of Bangladesh with total 450000 cases (0.27%).There are also severe consequences of COVID-19 in this population with a mortality rate of 29.2%(7) as compared to the general population of Bangladesh which is 1.4% (6448).
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