[1] We measure Q of crustal Lg waves in eastern Eurasia using the reliable two-station methods. More than 5,000 spectral ratios are collected over 594 interstation paths, and are used to determine values of Lg Q 0 and h (Q at 1 Hz and its frequency dependence) over these paths. These values are used to derive tomographic models of laterally varying Q 0 and h with resolutions between 4 and 10°. The Q 0 model contains values that vary between 100 and 900. Q 0 are the lowest in the Tibetan plateau, increase to moderate levels towards the east and north, and reach maxima in the Siberian and eastern Europe Cratons. Q 0 values correlate well with regional tectonics. Most h values are between À0.14 and 0.50, with a mean of 0.18. These values are lower than those obtained previously using either an Lg coda Q method, or a method of simultaneous inversion of source spectra and Q.

<p>Long‐term (million year time scale) fault‐slip history is crucial for understanding the processes and mechanisms of mountain building in active orogens. Such information remains elusive in the Longmen Shan, the eastern Tibetan Plateau margin affected by the devastating 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. While this event drew attention to fault deformation on the foreland side (the Yingxiu‐Beichuan fault), little is known about the deformation history of the hinterland Wenchuan‐Maoxian fault. To address this gap, thermochronological data were obtained from two vertical transects from the Xuelongbao massif, located in the hanging wall of the Wenchuan‐Maoxian fault. The data record late Miocene rapid cooling and rock exhumation at a rate of 0.9–1.2 km/m.y. from ~13 Ma to present. The exhumation rate is significantly higher than that in the footwall (~0.3–0.5 km/m.y.), indicating a differential exhumation of ~0.6 km/m.y. across the fault. This differential exhumation provides the first and minimum constraint on the long‐term throw rate (~0.6 km/m.y) of the Wenchuan‐Maoxian fault since the late Miocene. This new result implies continuous crustal shortening along the hinterland fault of Longmen Shan, even though it has not been ruptured by major historic earthquakes. Our study lends support to geodynamic models that highlight crustal shortening as dominating deformation along the eastern Tibetan Plateau.</p>