IntroductionPyolaryngocele is a very rare and serious complication of laryngocoele. It can present as deep spaces neck infection and mislead the diagnosis. Our aim is to attract the intention of the surgeon to this unusual entity and describe its clinical features.Case summaryWe report a case of 45 years old male patient with five-week history of neck swelling, dysphonia, mild dyspnea and odynophagia. An urgent C.T scan showed a mixed pyolaryngocele. The management consisted high dose antibiotic and an excision of the residual laryngocoele via an external approach.Discussion and conclusionA pyolaryngocele is an unusual complication of laryngocoele that becomes secondarily infected causing serious symptoms. Excision of the laryngocoele, still the best treatment option to prevent this complication and recurrence.

HighlightsSchwannomas are well-differentiated solitary benign tumors that originate from the Schwann cells of the nerve sheath.They are rare, constitute 1–4% of the orbital tumors.Although it may be difficult to differentiate these benign masses from other orbital tumours on radiologic imaging.Aggressive surgery with total mass removal should be warned by early diagnosis.

HighlightsPrimitive cholesteatoma of external auditory canal (EAC) is very rare and little known disease.There are no specific clinical symptoms which can lead to confusion with other EAC pathologies.Its diagnosis is clinical, but in case of stenosis, evaluation requires very close radiological analysis.The treatment is surgical and depends on the extent of the lesions.

Thyroglossal duct cysts followed by branchial cleft anomalies are the most common congenital neck masses encountered in practice, second branchial cleft cysts and sinuses are the most common type (LaRiviere and Waldhausen in Surg Clin North Am 92(3):583-597, 2012). Although both abnormalities are common individually, but rarely seen associated in same patient as described in our case. Congenitalcervical anomalies are important to consider in the differential of head and neck masses in children and adults. These lesions can present as palpable cystic masses, infected masses, draining sinuses, or fistulae. Thyroglossal duct cysts are most common, followed by branchial cleft anomalies. A synchronous presentation of both type of cyst and fistula in a same child patient is very rare with no such cases reported in literature till date.

Introduction: The plexiform neurofibroma is a rare benign tumor which is often associated to type 1 neurofibromatosis or Von Recklinghausen's disease. The laryngeal involvement in neurofibromatosis is extremely rare. The objective of our report is the consideration of laryngeal neurofibromatosis in the differential diagnosis of dyspnea in infants and children. Summary of the clinical case: We report the case of a 4 year-old child who presented with inspiratory dyspnea. Laryngoscopy revealed a mass obstructing completely the laryngeal vestibule. Pathological examination of the resected tissue revealed a plexiform neurofibroma after immunohistochemical examination. The patient had regular follow up and she remained symptom free. Discussion: There is an association between neurofibromatosis type 1 and plexiform neurofibromas of the larynx. Analysis of the margins of neurofibromas of the larynx associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 may help predict clinical behavior.