Актуальность обусловлена, с одной стороны, недостатком данных о распространенности в России Helicobacter pylori (HP), ассоцииро-ванного с риском развития язвенной болезни и рака желудка, и, с другой стороны, несоблю-дением врачами рекомендаций экспертов по диагностике этой инфекции и проведению эра-дикационной терапии. Цель -изучение распро-страненности НР у медицинских работников и их готовности пройти эрадикационную тера-пию. Материал и методы. Обследованы 315 ме-дицинских работников (61 мужчина и 254 жен-щины) в возрасте от 18 до 76 лет, в том числе в Москве -221, в Казани -94. Для определения инфицированности НР всем респондентам вы-полнен ¹³С-уреазный дыхательный тест с тест-на-бором «ХЕЛИКАРБ» по «четырехточечной» методике. Все участники заполнили анкеты, на основании анализа которых оценивалось вли-яние социальных и профессиональных факто-ров на распространенность НР. Результаты. НР выявлен у 54,9% обследованных: 45,9% мужчин и 57,1% женщин. Частота выявления НР в Москве существенно ниже (49,8%), чем в Казани (67%). Доля инфицированных НР нарастала с возрас-том: с 41,8% у лиц в возрасте до 25 лет до 76,9% в возрасте старше 60 лет. НР-позитивными были 60,2% состоящих в браке и 49% -не состоящих. В группе обследованных врачей наибольшая доля инфицированных наблюдалась среди эн-доскопистов (61,5%) и терапевтов (60,9%). Лишь 61,4% НР-позитивных медицинских работников выразили готовность к проведению эрадика-ционной терапии. Заключение. Проведенное исследование выявило высокую распростра-ненность НР у медработников, нарастающую с возрастом. Предположительно, это связано с гигиеническими условиями в детском возрасте каждого поколения, однако нельзя исключить возможность заражения в ходе профессиональ-ной деятельности. Ключевые слова:Helicobacter pylori, эпидемио-логия, инфицированность медицинских работ-ников, ¹³С-уреазный дыхательный тест, тест-на-бор «ХЕЛИКАРБ» Для цитирования: Бордин ДС, Плавник РГ, Невмержицкий ВИ, Буторова ЛИ, Абдулхаков РА, Абдулхаков СР, Войнован ИН, Эмбутниекс ЮВ. Распространенность Helicobacter pylori среди ме-дицинских работников Москвы и Казани по дан-ным ¹³С-уреазного дыхательного теста. Альманах клинической медицины. 2018;46(1):40-9.

Low patient compliance due to the development of adverse events in the form of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is considered as the main reason for the failure of the eradication of optimized anti-Helicobacter therapy regimens. A key mechanism for the development of AAD is to reduce the number and species diversity of bacteria that form butyric acid. Aim. The purpose of this study was to study the comparative effect on the clinical effectiveness of eradication therapy (ET) of Helicobacter pylori infection and metabolic changes in the colon microbiota of additional inclusion in the optimized treatment regimen of the combined prebiotic Zakofalk (inulin + butyrate) with probiotics (lacto- and bifidobacteria in an amount of at least 1017 СFU). Materials and methods. 120 patients with chronic gastroduodenal diseases and infected H. pylori were еxamined. A comparative analysis of the effect of a combined prebiotic and lacto-bifid-containing probiotics on improving the effectiveness of the optimized ET scheme and improving its tolerability, as well as on the quantitative and qualitative content of short-chain fatty acids (SFA) in feces. The success of eradication was controlled by a 13C urease breath test. Results. According to the results of the study in randomized groups of patients, an excellent percentage of eradication (95%) was achieved in patients who performed ET with the addition of the prebiotic Zakofalk. In the same group of patients, there was an increase in the absolute content of SFA and a significant increase in the concentration of butyric acid. In the group of patients who received ET with the addition of probiotics, an acceptable level of eradication was achieved (85.7%), but no changes in SFA were found indicating an increase in the number or activity of the butyrate-producing flora. Patients who performed ET without the addition of pre-probiotics did not achieve the target percentage of successful eradication (83.3%), and a significant quantitative decrease in SFA was found with a significant decrease in the proportion of butyric acid. Conclusion. The inclusion of Zakofalk in the ET scheme, in comparison with probiotics, significantly increases the probability of successful eradication, more effectively restores the metabolic potential of the microbiota, and prevents the development of AAD.

Background The recent data on the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in Russia are limited. The aim of the study was to compare Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence in ambulatory settings in Russia in 2017 and 2019 years. Materials and Methods Subjects visiting primary care centers were invited to take part in the study. H. pylori status was assessed by 13C‐urea breath test (UBT). Data on subjects' demography, previous treatment exposure, and place of residence were collected in all federal districts of Russia in 2017 and in 2019 calendar years and processed centrally. Results The data of 19,875 subjects were available for analysis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection assessed by positive UBT in treatment‐naive subjects was highest in the Southern (54.9%) and the North Caucasian (45.1%) federal districts. A significant difference (p < 0.05) in H. pylori prevalence between two testing periods was found only in a half of federal districts: the Central (46.2% in 2017 vs. 36.2% in 2019), the Northwestern (38.6% vs. 35.5% accordingly), the Volga (40.6% vs. 33.0%, accordingly), and the Ural (40.4% vs. 32.7%, accordingly). The lowest prevalence of H. pylori infection was revealed in the age group <18 years old (20.2%), while the highest in the age group of 41–50 years old (43.9%). In 2017, the prevalence of H. pylori was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in 2019 in all age groups but younger than 18 and older than 70 y.o., where similar rates were found during both study periods. Conclusions The prevalence of H. pylori according to 13C‐UBT testing of primary care visitors in Russia is lower than expected (38.8%). The highest prevalence of H. pylori infection found in the Southern and the North Caucasian federal districts of Russia and in the age group of 41–50 years old. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04892238).

Within the framework of the educational and research project "Real Clinical Practice of Treatment of Acid-Dependent Diseases", H. pylori-associated pathology and their dynamics after the eradication the nature and severity of clinical manifestations were evaluated. In the analysis 1,474 patients were included aged 18 to 87 years old (average age 45.7 years) with confirmed H. pylori infection, who were observed on an outpatient basis in 188 doctors in Moscow, the Moscow Region and St. Petersburg. Diagnosis of H. pylori and subsequent eradication control were carried out with the use of methods available in real clinical practice. The severity of symptoms was assessed using “7×7” Questionnaire (seven symptoms for seven days). On the first visit, the average score was 12.5, on the second 4.5, and on the third 1.7 points. The significant relationship between smoking and the severity of dyspeptic manifestations was revealed. Rabeprazole was the most commonly prescribed proton pump inhibitor (84.3%) in the eradication regimens.

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