The plant Eichhornia crassipes L. is a very promising plant which belongs to Family Euphorbiaceae. Proximate, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of this plant showed variable phytochemical groups. The shade dried leaf powder was subjected to proximate and elemental analysis. Different extractions of Eichhornia crassipes L. using ethanol, methanol, hexane, ethyl acetate and chloroform were done and also qualitative, proximate composition and quantitative were performed. Eichhornia crassipes L. showed high level of total ash (7.90w/w) water soluble ash (6.40w/w), acid soluble ash (1.11w/w) and loss of drying (0.735w/w). The extractive value of Eichhornia crassipes L. was found high in methanol (8.64%) followed by ethanol (8.07%), chloroform (7.41%), ethyl acetate (6.91%) and hexane (1.45%). From the preliminary phytochemical analysis we found that the secondary metabolites such as flavanoids, steroid, sugar, alkaloids, quinine, phenolics, saponins and coumarin were present. Finally, the quantitative estimation of this plant have total alkaloids contents (TAC) 16.75 μg, total flavanoids contents (TFC) 15 μg and total phenolics contents (TPC) 20.5 μg were obtained. The quantitative determination of Eichhornia crassipes L. has revealed the presence of high phenolics content among all the other phytocompounds. The methanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes L. plant contains pharmacological properties and they can be explored for biological potentials.

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Objective: To evaluate the preliminary phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of the hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of Hemionitis arifolia. Methods: Total phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The free radical scavenging activity of the leaf hydroalcoholic extract were evaluated against DPPH+, ABTS+, Reducing power assay and nitric oxide assay were determined. Results: The hydroalcoholic concentrate of H. arifolia uncovered the most elevated polyphenol content when contrasted and the other phytoconstituents. Absolute phenol content of the hydroalcoholic separate was observed to be 31.78%, flavonoid content is 1.02% and Alkaloid content is 30.40% individually. The Solvent concentrates showed huge cell reinforcement movement, with hydroalcoholic extract. ABTS Assay, DPPH assay, Reducing power assay and Nitric oxide assay where the Inhibition concentration were 667.75µg/ml, 734.25 µg/ml, 791.58 µg/ml and 899.67 µg/ml. Conclusion: This study suggests that hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of H. arifolia could be a potential source of natural antioxidant and justifies its use in ethno-medicine.

Many oxidative stress related diseases are as a result of accumulation of free radicals in the body. Present studies are directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plants origins. The present study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents, its qualities and antioxidant activity of Senna alata hydroalcoholic leaf extract as per the standard pharmacopoeial protocol. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activities and to screen for phytochemical constituents of Senna alata. The free radical scavenging activity of hydroalcoholic extract against various assay in terms of IC50 value were DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay (715.26μg/ml), reducing power assay (715.26μg/ml), ABTS test (643.95μg/m) and Nitric oxide test (856.79μg / ml) was evaluated. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, anthroquinone, phenols, saponin, tannin and carbohydrates. Quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed the amount of Alkaloid content (49.2%), Flavonoid content (6.96%) and Phenolic content (69.72%) present. Also the Physicochemical examination analysis were also carried out in Senna alata powdered sample which showed the presence of Total Ash (10.25 ± 0.04), Acid Insoluble Ash (2.75 ± 0.03), Water Soluble Ash (1.98 ± 0.02), Alcohol Extract Value (6.32 ± 0.03), Water Extract Value (11.19 ± 0.02), Loss on Dry (6.14 ± 0.03) and Foreign Matter (0.38 ± 0.01). Our findings provide evidence that the crude hydroalcoholic extract of S.alata is a potential source of natural antioxidants, and this justified its uses in folkloric medicines.