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This article provides basic information about the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. A brief review of the literature is conducted, the main causes of peptic ulcer disease are considered: acid-peptic factor, infection with Helicobacter pylori, etc.

The review presents an analysis of the literature on the etiology and pathophysiology of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcerin women. Data on the prevalence of these diseases in the world and in Russia are presented. The main points in the formationof the doctrine of peptic ulcer disease are described and the article discusses in detail the theory of sexual diff erentiation -the infl uence of age, menstruation, pregnancy, lactation, menopause on ulceration. Views on the key mechanisms of the eff ect of sex hormones on the gastrointestinal tract are revealed.