The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of the Nizhnekamsk CHPP-1 (combined heat and power plant) by introducing a steam screw-rotor machine (SSRM) into the thermal circuit. It is proposed to exclude the passage of steam from the exit of the turbine through the pressure reduction and desuperheating station (PRDS) for own needs. Superheated steam is diverted to be sent to a steam screw-rotor machine installed parallel to the PRDS. This technical solution will allow to obtain steam used in low pressure deaerators, as well as electricity for own needs of the CHPP. The article presents the operating parameters, as well as the calculation results of the backpressure turbine. A feasibility study was carried out for the introduction of SSRM into the plant’s thermal circuit: the equivalent fuel and electricity savings for own needs were calculated, as well as the payback period of the project for introducing a steam screw-rotor machine. In the course of the calculations, the following results were obtained: a decrease in the specific consumption of equivalent fuel for the production of 1 kWh of electricity by 1.9 g; saving of equivalent fuel during the implementation of the SSRM will be 13 tons per year, which also entails a reduction in emissions into the environment; Electricity production for own needs is 8100 kWh, the payback period for the project to introduce a steam screw machine in the thermal circuit of a thermal power plant is 5 years.

No abstract

The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of the CHP by introducing a steam screw-rotor machine (SSRM) into the thermal circuit. It is proposed to exclude the passage of steam from the selection of the turbine through the pressure reduction and desuperheating station (PRDS) of own needs. Superheated steam is diverted to be sent to a steam screw-rotor machine installed parallel to the PRDS. This technical solution will allow to obtain steam used in low pressure deaerators, as well as electricity for own needs of the CHP. The article presents the operating parameters, as well as the calculation results of the backpressure turbine. A feasibility study was carried out for the introduction of SSRM into the plant’s thermal circuit: the equivalent fuel and electricity savings for own needs were calculated, as well as the payback period of the project for introducing a steam screw-rotor machine. In the course of the calculations, the following results were obtained: a decrease in the specific consumption of equivalent fuel for the production of 1 kWh of electricity – by 1,9 g; saving of equivalent fuel during the implementation of the SSRM will be 13 tons per year, which also entails a reduction in emissions into the environment; Electricity production for own needs is 8100 kWh, the payback period for the project to introduce a steam screw machine in the thermal circuit of a thermal power plant is 5 years.

The result of the implementation of technical solutions should be evaluated in terms of the effect on the power system as a whole. At the same time, the main task is to obtain a socio-economic effect noticeable for the consumer of energy resources, as he is a key figure of the energy system. The article considers the influence of modernization of hot water supply systems (HWS) by transferring the function of hot water preparation in apartment buildings to individual heating stations (IHS) from the district heating stations (DHS) with their subsequent liquidation, as well as the elimination of hot water supply grid. The expected result of these measures is the reduction in heat energy loss in heat carrier agents in heating networks, as well as improving the quality and reliability of the hot water supply system and the possible reduction of energy consumption by residents in apartment buildings. The effect on the operation of the heat supply system will not be provided by IHSs themselves, but by automatic controllers, installed together with them. This, in turn, will make it possible for the Central Heating and Power plants (boiler) to be modernized in operation in a timely manner, to improve the system's efficiency. Computational studies were carried out in order to assess the impact of the transition from IHS to hot water supply on the energy system. The impact of the modernization of the hot water supply system by installing individual heating stations in the energy system of KazanKazan JSC Tatenergo implemented the program of transition to IHS in its heat supply grids, which stipulated the installation of 1,353 IHS modules in

THE PURPOSE. Improving the efficiency of the boiler house. Development of a scheme for the introduction of screw expansion machines (SEM) into the thermal scheme of a boiler house. Calculation of the main technical characteristics of SEM and network heaters. Calculation of the economic effect and assessment of the feasibility of using energy-saving technologies in an industrial enterprise.METHODS. The work uses methods of computational mathematics, the theory of heat and mass transfer, methods of technical and economic calculations in the energy sector, and thermodynamic analysis of power plants.RESULTS. The article presents a variant of improving the efficiency of the boiler shop in Neftekamsk by putting into operation the steam boilers DDVWT, which are mothballed, and introducing screw expansion machines. It is proposed in the non-heating period (April - September) to turn on steam boilers to generate steam. The steam will pass through the SEM, lowering its pressure to that required for network heaters for subsequent heating of water for hot water supply. At the same time, electricity will be generated on the SEM generators, which will be transmitted to the auxiliary tires of the boiler house. According to the results of calculations, two SEM with a capacity of 700 kW each, as well as three network heaters, were selected for the installation. With the considered inclusion of additional steam boilers and SEM in the non-heating period of the year, the generated electricity will fully cover the costs for the auxiliary needs of the boiler house. The payback period of the project will be 5 years.CONCLUSION. The results of technical and economic calculations show the feasibility of introducing SEM into the thermal scheme of the boiler house as an energy-saving measure.