The possibility of observing superluminal behavior in the propagation of localized microwaves over distances of tens of wavelengths is experimentally demonstrated. These types of waves, better than the evanescent modes of tunneling, can contribute to answering the question on the luminal limit of the signal velocity.

The dynamical effects of the entrance channel on the formation of the evaporation residues are studied by analyzing the 40 Ar + 176 Hf, 86 Kr + 130,136 Xe, 124 Sn + 92 Zr, and 48 Ca + 174 Yb reactions leading to the 216 Th * and 222 Th * compound nuclei. We find that the difference between the evaporation residue cross sections for the reactions leading to the same compound nucleus is caused by the different angular momentum distributions of the partial fusion cross sections σ fus (E c.m. ). The strong dependence of the fusion angular momentum distribution on the mass (charge) asymmetry and shell structure of reactants is demonstrated. The effect of the A/Z ratio for the 86 Kr + 130,136 Xe reactions is discussed. The dynamical conditions of capture affect the competition between complete fusion and quasifission and, consequently, the shape of the angular momentum distribution of the compound nucleus. By this way the peculiarities of the entrance channel also affect the fission-evaporation competition of the excited intermediate nuclei along the deexcitation cascade of the compound nucleus and, consequently, the evaporation residue formation.

The effects of the entrance channel and shell structure on the experimental evaporation residues have been studied by analyzing the 32 S + 182 W, 48 Ti + 166 Er and 60 Ni + 154 Sm reactions leading to 214 Th * ; the 40 Ar + 181 Ta reaction leading to 221 Pa * ; the 48 Ca + 243 Am, 248 Cm, 249 Cf reactions leading to the 291 115, 296 116 and 297 118 superheavy compound nuclei, respectively. The fusion mechanism and the formation of evaporation residues of heavy and superheavy nuclei have been studied. In calculations of the excitation functions for capture, fusion and evaporation residues we used such characteristics as mass asymmetry of nuclei in the entrance channel, binding energies and shape of colliding nuclei, potential energy surface, driving potential, partial-fusion cross-sections and survival probability of the compound nucleus, Γ n/Γf ratio at each step along the de-excitation cascade of the compound nucleus. The calculations have allowed us to make useful conclusions about the mechanism of the fusion-fission process, which is in competition with the quasifission process, and the production of the evaporation residues.

Although subject to the limitations of a small feasibility study, our study demonstrates that electronic patient data can be reused for prospective multicenter clinical research and patient care, and demonstrates a need for further development of therapeutic area standards that can facilitate researcher use of healthcare data.