Context. The presence of magnetic fields in O-type stars has been suspected for a long time. The discovery of these fields would explain a wide range of well documented enigmatic phenomena in massive stars, in particular cyclical wind variability, Hα emission variations, chemical peculiarity, narrow X-ray emission lines, and non-thermal radio/X-ray emission. Aims. To investigate the incidence of magnetic fields in O stars, we acquired 38 new spectropolarimetric observations with FORS 1 (FOcal Reducer low dispersion Spectrograph) mounted on the 8-m Kueyen telescope of the VLT. Methods. Spectropolarimetric observations were obtained at different phases for a sample of 13 O stars. Ten stars were observed in the spectral range 348−589 nm, HD 36879 and HD 148937 were observed in the spectral region 325−621 nm, and HD 155806 was observed in both settings. To prove the feasibility of the FORS 1 spectropolarimetric mode for the measurements of magnetic fields in hot stars, we present in addition 12 FORS 1 observations of the mean longitudinal magnetic field in θ 1 Ori C and compare them with measurements obtained with the MuSiCoS, ESPaDOnS, and Narval spectropolarimeters. Results. Most stars in our sample, which were observed on different nights, show a change of the magnetic field polarity, but a field at a significance level of 3σ was detected in only four stars, HD 36879, HD 148937, HD 152408, and HD 164794. The largest longitudinal magnetic field, B z = −276 ± 88 G, was detected in the Of?p star HD 148937. We conclude that large-scale organized magnetic fields with polar field strengths larger than 1 kG are not widespread among O-type stars.
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Aims. We investigate the photospheric and circumstellar (CS) magnetic field components separately in seven Herbig Ae stars. Methods. The study is based on low-resolution (R ∼ 2000 and 4000) spectropolarimetric data collected from 2003 to 2005 at the Very Large Telescope (ESO, Chile) with the multi-mode instrument FORS1. Results. We show that the spectropolarimetric results strongly depend on the level of CS contribution to the stellar spectra. We have improved the determination accuracy of magnetic fields up to the 7σ level in the two Herbig Ae stars HD 139614 and HD 144432, observed in 2005 when these objects were at a low level state in their CS activity. We have established that at a higher level state of CS activity the polarisation signatures are mainly related to the CS matter. The presence of CS polarisation signatures formed in the stellar wind supports the assumption that the magnetic centrifuge is one of the main mechanisms of wind acceleration. Conclusions. We conclude that the most effective way to investigate the magnetism of Herbig Ae stars is to monitor their spectropolarimetric behaviour at different stages of CS activity. Obviously, higher-resolution spectropolarimetric observations would extend the sample of spectral lines which can be used to measure magnetic fields at different levels in the stellar atmosphere and CS envelope. These observations will give a more complete insight into the magnetic topology in Herbig Ae stars.
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