CAROLEN HOPE is a doctoral candidate in clinical psychology at Brigham Young University. She received her master's degree in culture and spirituality at Holy Names College. Her dissertation, a qualitative study, focuses on the perceived gap between research and practice.R. SCOTT NEBEKER has just completed the academic and internship requirements as a doctoral candidate at Brigham Young University. His dissertation, currently in the analysis stage, is a qualitative phenomenology of moral responsiveness in the therapeutic encounter. He resides in Chicago with his wife and three sons.

The Outcome Questionnaire is a 45-item inventory of client-report symptoms and distress, used to track therapeutic change on a session-by-session basis. Data collected with the cooperation of a managed care provider were analyzed to note ethnic differences on the questionnaire. 1552 first session questionnaires were selected and mean total and subscale scores were analyzed using analysis-of-variance procedures for differences by ethnicity. No significant differences were found; however, significant ethnic differences on some items were noted, and these are reported with ethnic trends in clients' problems, diagnoses, and therapists' ratings on Global Assessment of Functioning. These findings were contrasted with those of other studies reporting ethnic differences on various measures such as IQ and personality assessment.

Phenomenological qualitative methods were used to identify and describe moral elements in therapeutic relationships. Using the relational philosophy of E. Levinas (1961Levinas ( /1969Levinas ( , 1979Levinas ( /1987 as a base, data in which therapists and clients identified and described morally responsive experiences in therapy sessions were analyzed. These moments were often unexpected and included categories of surprise, interruption, willingness to change, and clarifications/repairs. Additional moral phenomena related to therapists' attitudes included asymmetrical indebtedness, attitude of serving, and tentativeness of diagnosis. Identified moments of moral responsiveness were frequently associated with clients' progress in therapy. This suggests that conceptually smooth and uninterrupted therapy may be less helpful than therapy that is discontinuous and able to change in the moment.

This study tested the appropriateness of Outcome Questionnaire45 norms for Asian and Pacific Islander students. Both groups scored higher, based on participants' self-reported general functioning, than the norms and more frequently met criteria for clinical classification, a possible indication of greater distress. The authors discuss findings and therapeutic applications.Este estudio probo la conveniencia de Resultado del Cuestionario-45 normas para 10s estudiantes Asiaticos y lsletio Pacifico. Los dos grupos estubirieron un puntaje alto, basado en la funcion general de ser-informo, que las normas, y con mas frecuencia encontr6 10s criterios para la clasificacion clinica, una indicacion posible de anguista mas aka. Los autores discuten 10s hallazgos y las aplicaciones terapeuticas.

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