According to the proposed design scheme of the overhead crane, with the use of blocks package SimMechanics Second Generation of MATLAB, a conceptual block diagram of connections was developed, according to which the was created Simulink-model of the mechanical system of the bridge crane with PID regulator. Simulink-model allows us to study the operating modes of the overhead crane on the its design stage.

The deployment of self-driving technologies occurs in various industries and economic sectors. Self-driving taxi cabs can be found in city streets, in Russia as well as in other countries. The introduction of self-driving technologies in construction, namely, construction machinery, is a promising area that will develop rapidly in the nearest few years. A road grader is the construction machine whose control algorithms resemble those of selfdriving cars the most. One of the first development stages for the self-driving road grader is trajectory plotting. This article presents the developed trajectory plotting algorithm for the road grader taking into account its design features (minimum turn radius).

Introduction. The widespread introduction of unmanned technologies quickly captures various industries and economies. Unmanned taxis are already moving through the streets of cities, including in our country. The introduction of unmanned technologies in the construction industry, namely in construction machines is a promising direction that will develop quite rapidly in the next few years. The construction machine closest in terms of control algorithm to an unmanned vehicle is an auto grader. One of the first stages of creating an unmanned grader is the construction of its trajectory. This paper presents methods for controlling the course of an unmanned vehicle, which can be adapted to control the grader.Materials and methods. Theoretical studies were carried out on a mathematical model of the working process of the grader, developed using the methodology of system analysis and presented by differential equations of the second order.Results. An efficiency criterion is proposed by which management methods can be compared. To evaluate the effectiveness of the presented methods, theoretical studies of the mathematical model of the working process of the grader were carried out according to the proposed efficiency criterion. The effectiveness of the copier control method for various values of the base length, base coefficient and grader speed has been confirmed. Conclusion. The proposed control methods can be used to create promising autonomous traffic control systems for graders and other road construction vehicles.

Introduction. A relevant objective of implementing the advanced systems of self-driving road construction vehicles can be accomplished by mathematical modelling. One of the important issues when creating a motion control system for a self-driving vehicle is to develop a trajectory following algorithm. The most well-known method of following the trajectory is a pure pursuit method, which is successfully used to control the movement of mobile robots.Materials and methods. Hence, the research objective has been defined and is to adapt the pure pursuit method to control an autonomous grader. To achieve the research objective, the task of a mathematical model of the motor grader movement with front steering wheels has been developed, and a mathematical model of the motor grader motion control system has been compiled. Besides, we propose an integral criterion to evaluate the efficiency of the motion control system of a unmanned grader. Some theoretical studies of the mathematical model have been carried out and the dependencies of the integral criterion on the design and operational parameters of the grader, as well as on the parameter of the control method (visibility range) have been obtained. Moreover, the optimal values of the visibility range for various values of the base length, base coefficient and machine speed have been defined according to the proposed efficiency criterion.Results. As a result of approximating the obtained optimal values, the pure pursuit method has been modified to control a self-driving motor grader, taking into account its design features and travel speed. The results obtained can be used to create the prototypes of unmanned control systems for road construction vehicles.

АННОТАЦИЯ Введение. Основной особенностью эксплуатации кранов-трубоукладчиков является работа в сложных грунтовых условиях, что существенно влияет на режим работы машины. Данный фактор является одной из основных причин, приводящих к раскачиванию груза на стреле крана-трубоукладчика и, как следствие, аварийным и нештатным ситуациям. В работе рассмотрены вынужденные колебания груза на стреле крана-трубоукладчика, причины их возникновения и проблемы, к которым они приводят. Рассмотрены инженерные решения предшественников. Обоснован новый подход к решению данных проблем. Материалы и методы: обоснована расчетная схема крана-трубоукладчика, приняты допущения, введены системы координат, составлена математическая модель крана-трубоукладчика. Результаты: построены следующие временные зависимости: отклонение груза в поперечной плоскости крана-трубоукладчика (горизонтальные колебания), отклонение груза в продольной плоскости крана-трубоукладчика, крен базовой машины, изменение грузового момента. Определено влияние горизонтальных колебаний груза на изменение грузового момента и возникновение вертикальных колебаний. Обсуждение и заключение: дана оценка влияния горизонтальных колебаний на изменение грузового момента и, как следствие, отрицательного влияния на устойчивость крана-трубоукладчика.