In embryonic amniotes, patterning of the oral and nasal cavities requires bilateral fusion between craniofacial prominences, ensuring an intact primary palate and upper jaw. After fusion has taken place, the embryonic nasal cavities open anteriorly through paired external nares positioned directly above the fusion zones and bordered by the medial nasal and lateral nasal prominences. In this study, we show that in the chicken embryo, the external nares initially form as patent openings but only remain so for a short period of time. Soon after the nasal cavities form, the medial nasal and lateral nasal prominences fuse together in stage 29 embryos, entirely closing off the external nares for a substantial portion of embryonic and fetal development. The epithelium between the fused prominences is then retained and eventually develops into a nasal plug that obstructs the nasal vestibule through the majority of the fetal period. At stage 40, the nasal plug begins to break down through a combination of cellular remodeling, apoptosis, as well as non‐apoptotic necrosis, leading to completely patent nasal cavities at hatching. These findings place chickens in a category with several species of nonavian reptiles and mammals (including humans) that have been found to develop a transient embryonic nasal plug. Our findings are discussed in the context of previously reported cases of nasal plugs as part of normal embryonic development and provide novel insight into the craniofacial development of a key model organism in developmental biology.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.