Introduction:The use of anabolic steroids and the health supplements by athletes has been increasing over last few decades. The health risks associated with the use of them makes it necessary to study the patterns and prevalence of such behavior. Aim:To study the prevalence of Health Supplement and androgenic anabolic steroid use among the athletes in Jammu and Kashmir Methods and materials: Gyms were randomly selected over Jammu and Kashmir and the athletes were made to fill in the questionnaires after proper instruction by the investigator, the questionnaires with discrepancies and inadequacy were left out. Results:The study enrolled 214 athletes, both men and women all over J&K. The mean age of the participants was 26.98. The prevalence of health supplement use was 38.32% which mainly included protein based supplements, the prevalence of androgenic anabolic steroid use was 7.1%. Conclusion:There is high prevalence of health supplement use among the athletes in Jammu and Kashmir, the prevalence of steroid abuse was also considerable. There is an urgent need for education of athletes about the potential risks of indulging in such behaviour.

Background: Hepatitis B (HB) is a serious global public health problem. This study aims to evaluate Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) towards Hepatitis B (HB) among female health care workers of Kashmir valley Methods: A cross sectional, descriptive study was undertaken. Around four hundred female multipurpose health care workers (aged 18 years and above) were approached for the study. KAP towards HB was assessed by using a pre validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used for elaborating workers demographic characteristics. Inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test) were used for comparison while Pearson"s correlation was used to identify association between the study variables. All analyses were performed using SPSS 20. Results: Out of 450 distributed questionnaires, 49 were rejected for not correctly filling in the details.401 respondents with the mean age of 28.9 ± 4.3 year. 249 (30.9%) had 10 th grade level of education and 221 (27.4%) had an income 10,001-15,001 per month. Mean scores for knowledge, attitude and practice were 14.15 ± 4.6, 5.42 ± 1.1 and 5.76 ± 1.5 respectively. Significant and positive linear correlations between knowledge-attitude (r = 0.249, p < 0.001) knowledge-practice (r = 0.174, p < 0.001) and attitude-practice (r = 0.134,p < 0.05) were observed. Age was the only variables significantly associated with mean KAP of the study respondents. Conclusion: Results from the current study heighted average KAP of female multipurpose health care workers towards Hepatitis B. The positive linear correlations reaffirms that better knowledge can lead to positive attitude and subsequently in good practices. This will further help in prevention and management of HB. Therefore, extensive health educational campaign should be provided to health care workers, general population and especially to the residents of rural areas.