Objective:To assess retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements of normal Northern Nigerian adults using optical coherence tomography (OCT).Subjects and Methods:The OCT procedure was carried out with the Carl Zeiss Stratus OCT Model 3000 software version 4.0 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany). The fast RNFL scan protocol was used to obtain RNFL thickness measurements. Student's t-test was used to compare mean RNFL thickness values. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Average RNFL thickness was correlated with age.Results:Two hundred and twenty eyes of 110 subjects aged 18–51 years were examined. The average RNFL thickness was 104.17 ± 10.71 μm. The mean values for the RNFL thickness were 129.15 ± 16.87 μm, 135.34 ± 20.40 μm, 85.10 ± 23.60 μm, and 67.19 ± 13.27 μm for the inferior, superior, nasal, and temporal quadrants, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between males and females for the mean RNFL thickness (t = 3.30, P = 0.001) and for the mean superior and inferior RNFL thickness. There was a statistically significant difference between right and left eyes (t = 3.73, P = 0.001) for the mean RNFL thickness. A negative correlation was found between RNFL thickness and age (r = −0.313, P = 0.002).Conclusion:Normal RNFL thickness measurements in healthy Nigerian adults are presented. The RNFL was found to be thicker in females and in right eyes. The values were comparable to those of the Indian population but higher than some Caucasian values.

Normal macular volume and central foveal thickness measurements in Nigerian adults is presented and is comparable to that of Indian and Chinese populations, but lower than reported in Caucasians.

Background:Cycloplegic refraction is important in assessing children with hypermetropia. Atropine, though the gold standard cycloplegic agent for refraction in children, has a long duration of action and more severe side effects compared to short-acting cycloplegic agents. The aim of the study was to compare the cycloplegic effect of atropine with cyclopentolate and tropicamide combination in children with hypermetropia.Subjects and Methods:This was a crossover interventional study in children with hypermetropia. Cycloplegic refraction using two separate regimens of cycloplegic drugs was done on all subjects. Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS version 22.0. The mean spherical equivalent values of regimen 1 (atropine 1%) and regimen 2 (cyclopentolate 1% and tropicamide 1%) were presented as mean and standard deviation. A P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:One hundred and twenty-six eyes of 63 subjects aged 5–12 years were examined. The mean spherical equivalent values for regimen 1 and regimen 2 for the right eyes were 4.73 ± 2.1 DS and 4.54 ± 1.9 DS, respectively (P = 0.59). The mean spherical equivalent values for regimens 1 and 2 for the left eyes were 4.74 ± 2.0 DS and 4.54 ± 1.8 DS, respectively (P = 0.56).Conclusion:The combination of 1% cyclopentolate and 1% tropicamide could be a useful alternative to atropine 1% for cycloplegic refraction in children with hypermetropia.

Aim:This study aims to determine the effect of pterygium excision on the degree of corneal induced astigmatism and visual acuity.Patients and Methods:This was a prospective interventional study conducted between September 2012 and June 2013. Consecutive patients with pterygium who met the inclusion criteria were recruited into the study. They had a basic eye examination, and those with existing comorbidity were excluded. Selected patients had pterygium excision using the bare sclera technique with intraoperative application of Mitomycin C. Detailed pre- and post-operative evaluation and refraction was done.Results:There were 45 eyes of 33 patients aged 28–75 years. The mean age was 56.12 + 12.38 years. Six eyes had Grade I, 29 eyes had Grade II and 10 eyes had Grade III pterygium. The mean value for preoperative astigmatism was 2.12 ± 1.09 diopter cylinder (DC) while that for postoperative astigmatism was 0.72 ± 0.50 DC (P = 0.000). Surgery was associated with statistically significant increase in postoperative visual acuity. (P = 0.000).Conclusion:This study has shown that the degree of pterygium-induced astigmatism reduces significantly following surgical excision. Pterygium excision was associated with improvement in visual acuity.