The research was in autumn season during the year (2019-20) at the research area of Rajawala farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to study the best performing hybrids in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in autumn season. Experimental material was obtained from USDA and NARC. CMS lines and restorers were planted in the field and crossed in line × Tester. In next autumn season the crosses and their parents was evaluated with respect to their performance for yield and related traits in randomized complete block design (RCBD) using three replications. The data was taken on traits for days to germination, days to flower initiation, days to flower completion, days to flower maturity, plant height, internodal distance, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, number of whorls per flower, head diameter, 100 achene weight and achene weight per head. The data was first exposed to analysis of variance to find out the significant and non-significant differences among parents and crosses. Then combining ability and heterosis was calculated to find out the best general and specific combiners among the parents. 7-A, 23-A, 27-A, 80-R, 83-R and 96-R proved as good general combiners in both the seasons. 7-A x 86-R, 11-A x 83-R, 23-A x 81-R, 25-A x 80-R, 25-A x 94-R and 27-A x 80-R declared as best hybrids in terms of yield.
The study, conducted at the research area of Raja Wala farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, assessed the sunflowers’ (Helianthus annuus L.) early maturity and yield improvement. Experimental material came from the United States Department of Agriculture and the National Agricultural Research Centre. Cytoplasmic male sterile lines and restorers, grown in the field, had their data gathered regarding early maturity. Then, the crossing of selected lines employed the line × tester design. The following season, the resulting crosses and their parents’ evaluation proceeded in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using three replications. The crosses declared as best hybrids in terms of early maturity and yield were 7-A × 86-R, 11-A × 83-R, 23-A × 81-R, 25-A × 80- R, 25-A × 94-R, and 27-A × 80-R. These best hybrids further underwent oil content and quality analysis. The crosses 23-A × 81-R and 25-A × 80-R revealed good performance for oil contents (palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and oleic acids) and quality traits like early maturing with better yield. Using RAPD markers, the authenticity assessment of the best hybrids through the presence and absence of bands compared with parents ensued. These hybrids will be helpful in future breeding programs for the development of early maturing varieties with improved achene yield and quality, which is rare in Pakistan. This material will also help develop the required hybrids.
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