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The objectives of this study are to identify risks faced by farmers in agriculture project and investigate their risk management practices. The subject of investigation was a rock melon farm in Sepang, Selangor Malaysia. The participants consisted of four farmers and two officers. Data was collected using semi-structured interview questions and analyzed using content analysis. The study finds agriculture risk management can be divided into two groups: agriculture project risks and agriculture production risks. Agriculture project risks are events causing project failure. The risks are created by farmers and risks arise from project operations Risk factors created by farmers are farmers' attitude, lack of knowledge/training, lack cooperation among farmers and farmer refuse to follow procedures. Risk factors from operations are farm management, insufficient fund/capital, undiversified farm activities, failure to achieve KPI and follow procedures. Agriculture production risks are events causing low productions. The risks arise from machineries efficiency and farming technologies. Risk factors for machinery efficiency are immature machineries technology, and suitability of machines for local crops and small farm size. Risk factors for technology are unsuitable technology for local farming, technology too expensive for small farm and technology transfers from developed countries. The participants view risk management process as consisted of risk identification, risk evaluation/risk analysis, risk assessment and risk treatment. Their risk management strategies to mitigate risks are production diversification, keeping a logbook on farming activities, obtaining skill and knowledge in farm management, job multitasking by farmers and having a comprehensive risk management guidelines.

This paper examines crowdfunding, an internet-based source of financing and investment tool, which is gaining popularity due to its simpler and faster procss compared to the traditional financing and investment tools. Although it has a handful of benefits and potentials, the threats associated with it should not be ignored. Information asymmetry is one of the problems identified. High information asymmetry may exist when the fund seekers intentionally do not fully disclose some information in order to protect their own interest. Consequently, the limited information disclosure could result in adverse wealth effect to the contributors or investors. This paper contributes to the extant literature by providing thematic discussions about the crowdfunding's practices, threats and opportunities based on the information gathered from a desktop research. The findings would be able to provide insights to the fund seekers looking for funding and to the potential investors looking for an alternative investment product.

Despite attention given to ERM, particularly after the global financial crisis, Malaysia is still lagging behind in ERM implementation. The development and application of ERM is rather limited in practice. Policymakers, regulators and academics identify the combination of weaknesses in governance structures and failures in risk management as the key causes of the financial crisis. Strength of business performance and growth, depend on both ERM and corporate governance. Hence, this study investigates the influence of corporate governance on enterprise risk management (ERM) implementation. The subject of investigation is non-financial public listed companies (PLCs) of high-risk sectors in Malaysia. The high-risk sectors are utility, energy, and telecommunication and media. The dependent variable is ERM implementation proxy by ERM Score. The independent variable is corporate governance proxy by size of BOD, BOD independence, audit committee (AC) independence, AC financial education, size of risk committee (RC) and RC independence. Data are collected for 2016-2017 and analyze using regression analysis. The study finds size of BOD has positive significant relationship with ERM implementation. While, sector has significant negative relationship with ERM implementation. In the context of Malaysian PLCs of high-risk sectors, corporate governance influence ERM implementation. The size of the board is the significant driver "tone from the top" for ERM implementation. This conclusion leads to recommendations to regulators to emphasize the importance of board members' roles and responsibilities in providing risk oversight. In addition, a policy on minimum and maximum number of board members need to be develop in order to ensure effective risk management oversight.