BackgroundCervical cancer in Nepal ranks as the first most frequent cancer among women. Primary prevention measures, such as prophylactic vaccines against high risk HPV, are now available. Over time, vaccination will decrease the prevalence of the disease among younger women; however, screening will still be needed. The objective of the study was to assess the cervical cancer screening behavior and its associated factors among women of Nala Village Development Committee (VDC), Kavre.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was done to assess the cervical cancer screening behavior among women in 2014. Systematic Random sampling was used to collect the data from a sample of 180 women residing in Nala VDC. A structured interview questionnaire and health belief model scale was used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test) was used for data analysis using SPSS version 16 program.ResultsMinority (18.3%) of the respondents had cervical cancer screening behavior. Education level of the respondents was significantly associated with cervical cancer screening behavior (p < 0.05). Age, parity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers had no significant association with cervical cancer screening behavior.ConclusionThis study shows that cervical cancer screening behavior was satisfactory. The findings of the study indicate a significant association between cervical cancer screening behavior and education level of the participants. Awareness campaigns targeting illiterate groups can be conducted in community so that they become motivated towards cervical cancer screening.

Background: There are more than 1 million patients with a permanent colostomy and the number is increasing by the rate of 100 000 per year. Clients with a new stoma must master multiple psychomotor skills to remove their pouch, clean the stoma and peristomal skin and empty and dispose of effluent from the pouch. Stoma care self-efficacy has been positively related to ostomy adjustment.Objective: To assess knowledge and practice of stoma care among ostomates.Method: This is a simple descriptive cross sectional study. A total of 94 ostomates who met eligible criteria were purposively sampled. Stoma self care efficacy scale and semi-structured questionnaire was used and face to face interview was done. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 program. T test was used to see the mean difference.Result: The knowledge of ostomates on normal stoma and complication of stoma was adequate (61.7%). Majority (92.6%) respondents had good daily care practice like emptying pouch, hand washing before and after procedure and cleaning stoma. Majority of the ostomates suffered from physical problem (89.4%). Of which maximum 72.3% had peristomal skin irritation, then came leakage and odour. More than half (64.9%) of ostomates had higher efficacy.Conclusion: On the basis of findings, it is concluded that there was significant difference in mean knowledge of ostomates with variables pre-operative teaching, training on stoma care, living with stoma for more than 12 months. There was significant difference in mean self care efficacy with variables duration of living with stoma and training on stoma care. Thus training on stoma care should be provided frequently to further improve self care efficacy.Journal of Nobel College of Medicine Vol.4(1) 2015: 36-45

BackgroundStress and self-esteem are common issues that everyone has to cope with at some time in their lives and they could also affect other things going on in a persons' life. Academic stress is psychological condition often experienced by college students as, to some extent, being multidimensional variables. Among others are self-esteem and psychological well-being which are considered to have influences in explaining why college students experience stress. ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the self-esteem level and academic stress among the nursing students. MethodThis is a cross-sectional study carried out in 2012. Total respondents were 190 nursing students selected randomly from Kathmandu University. Academic stress was assed using 30-item Scale for Assessing Academic Stress (SAAS) and Self esteem was assessed using 10 item Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. Information was collected through the self-administered questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. Simple statistics measurement, percentage, means, correlation was used for the data analysis. ResultThis study shows mean age of the respondent's was 20.44±2.67 years. Majority (88%) of students getting financial support of less than NRs 6000 per month and 64% have low perceived family support. This study found mean score of self esteem and academic stress was 11.9 and 18.4 respectively. Further nearly 78% students have low self esteem and 74% have high academic stress. Significant variable for high academic stress and low self esteem were lower the age, lower the education and low perceived family support. Lower financial support has also high academic stress. ConclusionNursing students have low self esteem and high academic stress. Intervention to lower the academic stress and increase the self esteem should be carried out so that the learning of students will be efficient.

Heart disease is the leading cause of death globally. Prevention is the most effective way of combating its epidemic in the resource poor nations. Knowledge on preventive measures of heart diseases has been identified as a prerequisite for change in behavior. This study was conducted with the purpose of identifying the knowledge on heart disease and its prevention among the adults population residing in Dadhikot VDC of Bhaktapur district by interviewing house to house survey. A total of 405 respondents who met the eligible criteria were systematically sampled and interviewed face to face for the study. A pretested Nepali version semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect data from adults. The duration of the study was one month i.e. June, 2011. Among total respondents, 57.8 percent had adequate knowledge on heart disease. Only less than half (46.9%) knew age as non-modifiable risk factor for heart disease followed by hereditary (39.8%) and sex (13.8%). Regarding modifiable risk factors, the most cited response was fatty food consumption (72.6%) followed by smoking (70.4%), stress (63.7%), physical inactivity (61.7%), hypertension (59%), obesity (58.8%), high cholesterol diet (36.5%) and diabetes (30.1%). Most of the respondents (57.8%) knew dyspnea during exertion as symptom of heart disease followed by chest pain (24%). Majority of respondents (80.7%) cited decreasing fatty diet as preventive measure of heart disease following daily exercise (75.6%), eating vegetables and fruits (71.6%), keeping blood pressure under control (59%) and keeping diabetes under control (33.8%) respectively. Knowledge was significantly associated with age, gender, education level and family history of heart disease. Conclusion: The findings concluded that significant percentage (42.2%) of respondents had inadequate knowledge on heart disease. The findings also highlighted the lack of knowledge on high cholesterol diet and diabetes as modifiable risk factors for heart disease i.e. 36.5% and 30.1% respectively. So it is recommended that awareness raising programs could be beneficial on prevention of heart disease is correcting in the deficient areas of knowledge regarding preventive measures of heart disease