A rigorous and relatively efficient algorithm based on the non-orthogonal smeared crack approach is coded in a special finite element program to study the seismic response of arch dams. The formulation is briefly presented. The 130 m high Shahid Rajaee arch dam in Iran subjected to the Friuli-Tolmezzo earthquake is selected to present a practical application of the technique. Under the same geometry and loading conditions, six nonlinear analyses with different parameters are performed, and the results are compared with each other and a linear case. The varied parameters include secant and elastic unloading-reloading options, threshold angle, and tensile strength of the material. It is concluded that the non-orthogonal smeared crack approach can redistribute the state of stresses and produces a more realistic profile of stresses in the dam. A drift in the crest displacements forms the prominent characteristics of the cracking behavior. The results also suggest that the dam can suffer significant cracking during a strong earthquake and still remain stable. Moreover, the influences of the mentioned parameters in the seismic response of the dam are comprehensively discussed.Résumé : Un algorithme rigoureux et efficace basé sur l'approche par fissuration diffuse non orthogonale est encodé dans un programme à éléments finis spécial afin d'étudier la réponse sismique des barrages-voûtes. La formulation est brièvement présentée. Le barrage-voûte Shahid Rajaee, en Iran, mesurant 130 m de hauteur et exposé au tremblement de terre Friuli-Tolmezzo, a été choisi pour présenter l'application pratique de cette technique. Dans les mêmes conditions géométriques et de charge, six analyses non linéaires avec différents paramètres ont été réalisées et les résultats sont comparés entre eux et par rapport à un cas linéaire. Les divers paramètres comprennent les options de déchargement/rechargement sécant et élastique, l'angle de seuil et la résistance à la traction du matériau. Nous avons conclu que l'approche par fissuration diffuse non orthogonale peut redistribuer l'état des contraintes et produire un profil plus réaliste des contraintes dans le barrage. Une déviation dans les déplacements de la crête forme les caractéristiques proéminentes du comportement de fissuration. De plus, les résultats suggèrent que le barrage peut soutenir une fissuration importante durant de forts tremblements de terre et demeurer stable. Aussi, les influences des paramètres mentionnés dans la réponse sismique du barrage sont discutées en détail.Mots clés : approche dynamique non linéaire, barrage-voûte en béton, approche par fissuration diffuse.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Espandar et al. 901
There has been extensive research to examine the effects of contraction joints opening in the nonlinear seismic response of arch dams. However, there has been less attention on the effects of perimetral joint on the response. In this study, a special finite element program is developed, that is described and verified initially. Based on this program, the nonlinear dynamic behavior of a typical thin arch dam is studied. The perimetral joint, as well as, contraction joints are included in the nonlinear cases analyzed. It is shown that the distributions of the maximum tensile stresses are very sensitive to the properties used for the joints. Moreover, the modified joint model proposed for the modeling of perimetral joint is found to be less sensitive and very effective in seismic analysis of concrete arch dams.
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