A review of the data of special literature in the domain of creating new varieties by breeding methods and rational use of the plum gene pool in different countries of the world is carried out. Information on the resistance of varietal and hybrid plum stock to major diseases when are used different parent varieties are presented. The results of the creation of new varieties of plum are presented. It has been established that the best results of the breeding of plums in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova are obtained when using highly adapted to the growing conditions, as well as local and long-cultivated plum varieties on the territory of the republic. As a result of many years of research, the zoned assortment of plums of the country includes 29 varieties, including 15 bred in the Public Institution Scientific and Practical Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Food Technologies.

Plum (Prunus domestica L.) are the most traditionally cultivated stone fruits trees in the relatively diversified pedo-microclimatical conditions of agricultural areas of the Republic of Moldova. There are selected for researches 4 varieties: Udlinionnaia and Super President (created in the republican institute), Stanley and President (introduced) with late maturation of fruits, indispensable for preservation regarding development of the new market of fresh plum fruits. Experimented biostimulator Reglalg and microelements (B, Zn, Mn, Mo) with CaCl2 during intensive period of leaves growth, as well as pulp of fruits development shows favourable effects. There are established high correspondence of flowering and pollination of introduced varieties with local ones, sustainable productivity and high fruit qualities during its cultivation in Republic of Moldova.

In the article there are presented some results of morphological and ecological researches of wal-nut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes, selected in different pomological zone of Rep. Moldova. Obtained data shows manifestation of different characteristics like flowering period, dichogamous types, manifestation of capacity to develop pistillate flowers from lateral buds, as well as capacity of formation of fruits from lateral buds.