Objectives The relationship between the presence of bone defects (fenestrations and dehiscences) observed in lateral slices in computerized axial tomography (CAT) images and maxillomandibular transverse discrepancies was determined. Methods The sample was composed of 160 CAT scan files, corresponding to 9–25-year-old patients, which had been taken prior to orthodontic treatment at a radiology center in Guadalajara, México, from 2009 to 2012. They were grouped by age, and we identified bone defects in maxillary teeth (first and second premolars and first molars). The maxillary (JL-JR) and mandibular (GA-AG) widths were measured, and the maxillomandibular discrepancy ([GA-AG]-[JL-JR]) was calculated. Chi-square and t-tests were performed. Results The values of maxillomandibular discrepancies increased with the age of the patient. There was no association between the magnitude of the maxillomandibular discrepancy and the presence of bone defects. The gender of the individual was not a decisive factor in whether bone defects were present. Conclusion Bone defects occur in the vast majority of patients pretreatment regardless of the magnitude of the maxillomandibular discrepancy.
Objetivo. Determinar la distancia de los ápices radiculares de premolares y molares superiores al piso del seno maxilar y su relación con el patrón esquelético. Métodos. Estudio transversal que incluyó 75 casos pre-tratamiento ortodóntico de archivos de pacientes que asistieron al Posgrado de Ortodoncia de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, México. Se determinó el patrón esquelético de los pacientes por medio de radiografías cefálicas laterales y de acuerdo a la clasificación de Angle se agruparon en Clase I, Clase II y Clase III. Se midieron, sobre cortes realizados con tomografía computarizada de haz cónico, las distancias entre los ápices de segundos premolares, primeros y segundos molares superiores y el piso del seno maxilar. Se utilizó el software Ez3DPlus Versión 1.2.6.0 (Vatech, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). Se realizó el análisis de los datos mediante la prueba de t de Student. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el grupo de premolares de Clase II (Media= 1,33; Varianza= 3,43) y Clase III (Media= 3,26; Varianza= 15,53), (p=0,031). Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio mostraron que el patrón esquelético no fue determinante en la distancia de los ápices radiculares de molares superiores al piso del seno maxilar, sin embargo las diferencias encontradas entre los segundos premolares de Clase II y Clase III sí pudieran deberse a esta variable.
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