Mortars are still among the most used wall coatings, whether lime-based or cement-based or traditional and prepared in situ or pre-dosed. When these mortars are formulated and characterized, the influence of the substrate on their characteristics is not taken into account. To study the influence of the substrate on the mortar characteristics, it is necessary to apply the mortar on the substrate, and after its hardening process, to detach it, test it, and then compare its characteristics with those of standard specimens subjected to standard tests. The central problem focuses on detaching the mortar without damaging it, in order to obtain specimens suitable for testing. For this, a fibreglass mesh, positioned at the mortar–substrate interface, can be used to facilitate the detachment in the experimental program. The objective of the present study is to understand if the fibreglass mesh influences the characteristics of the detached mortar. The methodology adopted was as follows: mortars were applied to the substrates, both using the mesh (with the net positioned at the mortar–substrate interface) and without using the mesh, and after hardening, they were detached and tested; then, the independent sample t-test was used to evaluate the differences between the results obtained for the mortars applied with the mesh and without the mesh. As a result, it was concluded that the use of the mesh does not significantly influence the macrostructural properties studied. The relevance of the present study lies in the development of an experimental methodology that allows for the characterization of mortar’s behaviour after its application on the substrate, i.e., that enables the substrate’s influence to be considered in the formulation of each mortar.
Resumo Os revestimentos de paredes mais usados em Portugal, e mesmo ano âmbito europeu e mundial, continuam sendo as argamassas de revestimento, quer sejam à base de cal ou de cimento, quer sejam tradicionais, feitas em obra ou pré-doseadas. De acordo com a normalização disponível, o estudo de desempenho dessas argamassas é realizado sobre provetes produzidos em laboratório, com medidas normalizadas e em condições de cura e de ensaio pré-estabelecidas. No entanto, quando as argamassas são aplicadas sobre os suportes reais o seu comportamento final não será exatamente o mesmo. As dimensões, as condições de aplicação e as condições de cura são distintas. Assim, é consensual dizer que as características finais dos rebocos aplicados em condições reais de exposição serão distintas das obtidas em laboratório. O estudo que se pretende apresentar faz parte de uma investigação mais alargada no âmbito do projeto IF Mortar, em que se pretende analisar a influência das características de diversos suportes nas características de diferentes tipos de argamassa, para se prever, de forma mais rigorosa, qual o comportamento final das argamassas após sua aplicação. Neste artigo são apresentados alguns dos resultados já obtidos em campanhas experimentais, relativos às características físicas de diversas argamassas aplicadas sobre distintos suportes.
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