The aim of this work was to compare methods of determining the leaf area of guava (leaf discs and scanned images) and to model leaf area as a function of linear dimensions. Four areas of guava ‘Paluma’ were selected (12, 15, 20 and 24 months of age) for the experiment in the municipality of Pedro Canário, ES, Brazil. We randomly collected samples from 15 plants in each area. Ten leaves were chosen among the lower, middle and upper thirds of each plant to ensure that leaves of all sizes were collected, for a total of 600 leaves. Subsequently, we determined the leaf area by the methods of digital imaging and leaf discs. Linear regression analysis and correlation analysis were used to compare the methods. Linear, quadratic and power models of leaf area, as a function of the length or width and/or the product of length and width were adjusted. The methods of leaf discs and scanned images are discordant. The method of digitised images was a better fit to the width of the leaf, while the method of leaf discs was a better fit for length.

The uniformity and droplet size produced during the spraying as well the correct deposition of these in the target, contribute directly to the success of a pesticide application. The objective of the present study was to characterize the ejected spray in the aerial and terrestrial spraying of pumpkin crops, with the use of adjuvants in a liquid solution. The experiment was carried out in two commercial plantations, in an entirely randomized design, employing a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with six forms of application and two liquid compositions. The droplet spectrum was assessed employing water-sensitive card imaging. Smaller drop sizes and relative amplitudes were produced by aerial applications. In turn, the largest droplet diameters and the lowest percentage of drops smaller than 100 μm were obtained when using air induction twin flat spray nozzles. The adjuvant did not interfere in the numerical and volumetric median diameters, the relative amplitude, or the volume rate of droplets smaller than 100 μm.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência das condições de armazenamento de sementes de aroeira, na longevidade durante 4 meses. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com tratamentos sob arranjo fatorial (2 x 5), correspondendo respectivamente às duas condições de armazenamento (ambiente e geladeira) e aos cinco períodos de armazenamento, ao qual inclui também as sementes recém-colhidas. Foram utilizadas 4 repetições de 50 sementes por tratamento e a germinação avaliada durante 15 dias, em cada mês. Para o ensaio foram utilizadas sementes extraídas de frutos maduros que foram acondicionadas em embalagens de vidro vedados com tampa emborrachada e mantidos em duas condições distintas de temperatura (geladeira a 10 ºC e condições de laboratório a 25 ºC) por 4 meses. Para verificar a viabilidade das sementes, efetuou-se o teste de germinação, sendo a semeadura feita em papel mata-borrão, em caixas gerbox mantidas em câmara de germinação, sob temperatura alternada de 20-30ºC com fotoperíodo de 8-16 horas de luz e escuro, respectivamente. Neste período avaliou-se a porcentagem de germinação, o Índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), e a porcentagem de plântulas normais e anormais. O armazenamento em condições de geladeira foi mais eficiente para manutenção da qualidade fisiológica das sementes de aroeira-vermelha, podendo estas ser armazenadas por um período de até 4 meses. Recomenda-se não armazenar sementes de aroeira em condições de laboratório por mais de 60 dias.Palavras-chave: Schinus terebinthifolius. Longevidade. Temperatura. PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF AROEIRA SEEDS UNDER THE STORAGE CONDITIONS SUMMARY:The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the storage conditions of aroeira seeds on longevity for 4 months. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with treatments in a factorial arrangement (2 x 5), corresponding respectively to the two storage conditions (ambient and refrigerator) and five periods of storage, which also includes the newly harvested seeds. Four replicates of 50 seeds per treatment were used and the germination was evaluated during 15 days, in each month. To test the seeds extracted from mature fruits were used which were placed in glass containers sealed with rubberized lid and kept at two different temperature conditions (10 ° C and a refrigerator at laboratory conditions at 25 ° C) for 4 months. To check the viability of seed, made up germination test, sowing being performed in blotting paper in gerboxes maintained in a growth chamber under alternating temperature to 20-300ºC for 8-16 hours photoperiod light and dark, respectively. During this period the percentage of germination, germination speed index (IVG), and percentage of normal and abnormal seedlings were evaluated. The storage under refrigerator conditions was more efficient for the maintenance of the physiological quality of the seeds of aroeira-red, and these could be stored for a period of up to 4 months. It is recommended not to store aroeira see...

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