This article is devoted to the analysis of information behavior based on the use of a natural language to obtain information by reading a literary text in a non-native language. One of the options for the result of such behavior is the so-called communication failures, which indicate obstacles in information retrieval. By communicative failures, the authors of the article mean a failure in the communication process, when the produced speech act does not fulfill its intended function, the addressee gets a greater degree of freedom to interpret the message sent to him, and his reaction may either not coincide with the one that was planned by the sender, or contradict it. In this case, culture acts as a regulator of information behavior as a set of values circulating in a social community. The mechanisms of the influence of culture on the mentioned behavior are stereotypes that exert a typifying influence on the activity of an individual. An attempt was made in the article to analyze the nature of the detected communication failures, as well as their typological description.

In the present article described the way of obtaining of a new professionally valuable information by working with a text dedicated to the development of agricultural engineering is considered as one of the most effective ways to improve professional qualifications in the postgraduate period. The purpose of present article is to define and briefly describe the factors that provide the effective perception of the information of machinery engineering. Perception in this article is not limited to perceptual reception concept, but is understood as an active creative process targeted to satisfy the cognitive needs of an individual, both in obtaining a specialty and in the course of practical activity. To solve this goal, the authors clarified the concept of “text” as a set of units of different language levels transmitting information that has a heterogeneous nature, and criteria of the effectiveness of the processes of textual data perception, which in this case comes down to the choice of the recipient of an adequate communicative strategy or information processing. The strategy is interpreted as an important and effective mechanism for organizing speech behavior, which makes it necessary to describe its main characteristics and stages of formation.

Among the many barriers that impede the process of communication in a foreign language, we are particularly interested in those that impede the further development of the communication process, and sometimes make it practically impossible. Such barriers are called communicative failures, and the methodologist’s task is to develop a technology for identifying them in accordance with a specific criterion. The article specifies the success criterion of a communicative act. In the case of a productive speech act, communicative failures are often associated with the communicator’s improper planning of his/her speech behavior in the initial period of verbalization, in particular, the wrong choice of design, when the communicative and objective goals of the speech act do not correspond to the specific situational context within which this communicative act unfolds. By communicative failure itis understood such a failure incommunication when the communicative act does not fulfill its function. The task is analyzed, which involves filling out the questionnaire in the non-native language of the respondent, requiring fairly short and unambiguous answers. However, in some cases, as a result of the substitution of basic information with secondary (specifying) answers, they could be interpreted differently and, therefore, applied to various communicative situations. The following conclusion is made: a speech act, correlated with more than one context, provides a greater degree of freedom for the interpretation of its purpose and, therefore, allows various ways of reacting to its content. It is such an act that can be attributed to unsuccessful

1 Т. Б. Михеева-основной автор, осуществляла научное и организационно-методическое обеспечение исследовательской работы, написание и оформление статьи. 2 М. В. Ерещенко-осуществляла научно-исследовательскую работу в экспериментальных школах, организацию исследования, написание и оформление статьи. 3 Р. М. Тазапчиян-осуществлял проведение экспериментального исследования, обработку полученных данных, написание и оформление статьи.