Until recently, the weight of evidence has supported the discontinuation of chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after 4-6 cycles of induction therapy. This allows patients with limited life expectancy a "treatment holiday." A minority of cases then go on to receive second-line therapy, although many deteriorate rapidly and never receive further active treatment. There has been renewed interest in the concept of maintenance from trials with pemetrexed and erlotinib. Both these agents can be given for long periods without serious cumulative toxicity in most patients. Both trials have shown significant extension of progression free survival in placebo-controlled trials. In cases who are not receiving pemetrexed as induction therapy, a statistically significant 5-month prolongation of overall survival in nonsquamous NSCLC has been reported. Treatment was well tolerated. This effect may reflect the early administration of an active second-line agent and it remains to be seen whether similar benefits will accrue to patients having pemetrexed as induction therapy. Keywords: inoperable NSCLC, chemotherapy, targeted treatments Treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancerThe majority of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present with inoperable metastatic or advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. With the 5-year survival rate ranging from 8% to 15%, the prognosis for many of the patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC is poor.1 For patients with good performance status (PS), palliative systemic chemotherapy with platinum regimens offers modest life extension and improves quality of life. A meta-analysis in 1995 analyzed individual data from 9,387 patients in 52 clinical trials and confirmed the benefit of chemotherapy. 2The authors updated this meta-analysis in 2008 using data from 2,714 patients from 16 randomized clinical trials including newer chemotherapy regimens.3 Chemotherapy proved to reduce the risk of death by 13% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.87; P = 0.005) 2 and increase the survival by 9% at 12 months translating to absolute survival benefit of 1.5 months. 3Adding a second active agent such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, gemcitabine, or vinorelbine to cisplatin has shown survival benefit over single-agent treatment, cisplatin. Addition of second agent proved to have superior response and survival rate over single-agent therapy in a meta-analysis conducted by Delbaldo et al 4 in 2004 that included 13,601 patients from 65 trials.Several platinum-based doublet therapies incorporating agents such as gemcitabine, docetaxel, paclitaxel, vinorelbine, or more recently pemetrexed for NSCLC of nonsquamous histology have become available. There have been several attempts Lung Cancer: Targets and Therapy downloaded from https: //www.dovepress.com/ by 54.245.55.244 on 12-May-2018 For personal use only.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis kelayakan usahatani kubis. Penelitian ini  dilaksanakan di Desa Sumillan Kecamatan Alla Kabupaten Enrekang. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) dengan pertimbangan bahwa di Desa Sumillan memiliki areal pertanian  yang cukup luas untuk petani kubis dari semua desa yang ada di Kecamatan Alla. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April tahun 2019. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan deskriptif statistik berdasarkan rumus slovin adapun jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 39 orang petani kubis, Jenis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer di peroleh dengan cara observasi langsung ke lokasi penelitian dan  wawancara kepada petani sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi terkait seperti  Kantor Desa dan Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian yang mendukung penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis pendapatan untuk mengetahui pendapatan atau keuntungan  petani, dan untuk mengetahi kelayakan  usaha tani kubis digunakan rumus R/C ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan rata – rata petani responden usaha tani kubis per musim tanam sebesar Rp  7.435.684 sedangkan Nilai RC/Ratio yang diperoleh sebesar  3,38. Berdasarkan kriteria pengambilan keputusan, Jika R/C ratio > 1, berarti secara ekonomi usaha yang dilakukan menguntungkan sehingga usahatani tersebut layak untuk diusahakan.