ABSTRACT… Cardiovascular system diseases are playing the outstanding role in the cause of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy is one of the universal structural abnormalities in patients on regular dialysis. Objective: The target of the study was to search out the frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy in end stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Study design: Single center case-series study. Setting: Department of Nephro-Urology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro. Period: Begin from 1 st March, 2013 to 30 th August 2013. Results: Total numbers of patients were seventy three. Thirty three patients were male and 40 were female. Mean age of the patients was 44.19 years. High blood pressure was the most typical cause of nephropathy that is as certain in twenty 9(39.7%) cases pursue by Diabetes and Chronic Glomerulonephritis in twenty (27.4%) in each, renal stone in four (5.5%), unresolved acute renal failure four(5.5%) and Chronic Tubulointerstitial nephritis in two(2.7%) patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy was ascertained in nineteen (26%) patients. Conclusion: Our study concedes the high frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy in dialysis patients.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of hypothyroidism in patients with viralhepatitis receiving interferon treatment. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional. Setting:Department of Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Duration of Study: Sixmonths. Subjects and Methods: All patients with age 30 to 60 years of either gender havingpersistent or intermittent elevation of alanine arninotransferase (ALT, the upper limit of normalALT is 40 IU/L) over a six-month period and Anti-HCV positivity and detection of HCV-RNA inthe sera On IFN-α mono therapy for more than 3 months were enrolled. History of duration ofdisease and treatment was obtained from patients. A 3 cc blood sample of Patients were drawnand send for TSH level. Presence of TSH level >4.0 miU/L was labelled as Hypothyroidism.Results: Mean age of the patients was 51.79±7.96 years. There were 51 (43.60%) males and 66(56.40%) females. Mean TSH level was 3.98±0.23 mIU/L. Mean duration of HCV was 6.42±1.67months. Mean duration of treatment was 5.42±1.67 months. Frequency of hypothyroidism wasfound in 62 (53%) patients. Conclusion: The frequency of hypothyroidism in patients with viralhepatitis receiving interferon treatment was found to be 62 (53%).

Cardiovascular system diseases are playing the outstanding role in the cause ofmorbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy is one of the universalstructural abnormalities in patients on regular dialysis. Objective: The target of the study wasto search out the frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy in end stage renal disease patientson maintenance hemodialysis. Study design: Single center case-series study. Setting:Department of Nephro-Urology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro.Period: Begin from 1st March, 2013 to 30th August 2013. Results: Total numbers of patientswere seventy three. Thirty three patients were male and 40 were female. Mean age of thepatients was 44.19 years. High blood pressure was the most typical cause of nephropathy thatis as certain in twenty 9(39.7%) cases pursue by Diabetes and Chronic Glomerulonephritis intwenty (27.4%) in each, renal stone in four (5.5%), unresolved acute renal failure four(5.5%)and Chronic Tubulointerstitial nephritis in two(2.7%) patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy wasascertained in nineteen (26%) patients. Conclusion: Our study concedes the high frequency ofleft ventricular hypertrophy in dialysis patients.

ABSTRACT… Objectives:To determine the frequency of hypothyroidism in patients with viral hepatitis receiving interferon treatment. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional. Setting: Department of Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Duration of Study: Six months. Subjects and Methods: All patients with age 30 to 60 years of either gender having persistent or intermittent elevation of alanine arninotransferase (ALT, the upper limit of normal ALT is 40 IU/L) over a six-month period and Anti-HCV positivity and detection of HCV-RNA in the sera On IFN-α mono therapy for more than 3 months were enrolled. History of duration of disease and treatment was obtained from patients. A 3 cc blood sample of Patients were drawn and send for TSH level. Presence of TSH level >4.0 miU/L was labelled as Hypothyroidism. Results: Mean age of the patients was 51.79±7.96 years. There were 51 (43.60%) males and 66 (56.40%) females. Mean TSH level was 3.98±0.23 mIU/L. Mean duration of HCV was 6.42±1.67 months. Mean duration of treatment was 5.42±1.67 months. Frequency of hypothyroidism was found in 62 (53%) patients. Conclusion: The frequency of hypothyroidism in patients with viral hepatitis receiving interferon treatment was found to be 62 (53%).