The present studies were conducted at the experimental farms in Agricultural Research Stations of Kafr El-Sheikh and Nubaria regions during two seasons (2019/2020 and 2020/2021) to survey the insect pests and predators that inhibiting sugar beet crop, and to study the seasonal abundance of main insect pests in such crop, and to evaluate the impact of some climatic factors in both regions on the seasonal abundance of some serious insects. Survey studies revealed that sugar beet plants attacked by 45 insect species: 15 of them were accidently visitors. In addition, ten predator species were recorded during the period extended from October until April in both regions during the two seasons. Spodoptera littoralis larvae gave the highest monthly average in December, while Pegomyia mixta larvae recorded the highest monthly average numbers in February and March in Kafr El-Sheikh and Nubaria regions in both seasons. On the other hand, the highest monthly average numbers of Cassida vittata adults were recorded in April in Kafr El-Sheikh region but in February-March in Nubaria region, during both seasons. Scrobipalpa ocellatella appeared with the highest monthly average only in April of both seasons in Kafr El-Sheikh. Whereas, it doesn't exist in Nubaria region. Results revealed that effects of the three weather factors (temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) were non-significant during the two seasons in both regions. I could be concluded that sugar beet plants that cultivated Nubaria region received less numbers of insect species than that cultivated in Kafr El-Sheikh region, and given that the sugar beet crop is considered a reclamation crop for new lands, so it must be reassurance in its cultivation due to the lack of insect infestation as well.

BACKGROUND: The Egyptian alfalfa weevil, Hypera brunneipennis causes damage on different parts of alfalfa plants. Therefore, four agricultural treatments are carried out included calcium super phosphate addition (15.5% P 2 O 5 ), potassium sulphate addition (50% K 2 O), microelements spraying and hand removing of weeds to reduce the population of the Egyptian alfalfa weevil and increase both the final yield and obtain a healthy plant. RESULTS:The treatment of calcium super phosphate (15.5% P 2 O 5 ), potassium sulphate (50% K 2 O), microelements spraying and hand removing of weeds gave less infestation of Egyptian alfalfa weevil [4.38 and 4.89 (larvae and adults/m 2 )] and the highest total fresh (70.08 and 74.52 ton/feddan), dry yield (19.37 and 19.70 ton/feddan) and plant height yield (60.00 and 61. 17 cm) in first and second seasons, respectively, with significant differences compared with the other treatments and the untreated check. Also, the same treatment gave the highest net benefit over untreated check 29.06 and 31.93 (thousand L.E./feddan) and net benefit/costs ratio/feddan (1.77 and 2.22) in first and second seasons, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Good agricultural treatments of calcium super phosphate addition (15.5% P 2 O 5 ), potassium sulphate addition (50% K 2 O), microelements spraying and hand removing of weeds play an important role in obtaining a healthy plant, reducing Egyptian alfalfa weevil infestation, and increasing total fresh yield, total dry yield, and plant height of alfalfa.

ABESTRACT: Experiments were conducted in a private farm cultivated with sugarbeet crop (Top cv.) for the two successive seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 to determine the economic damage threshold levels of Pegomia hyo-scyami Curtis (Diptera: Anthomyidae) under field conditions in Nobaria region, El-Behaira Governorate, Egypt. The results showed that the relationship between the yield of sugarbeet and the infestation of sugarbeet fly, Pegomia hyoscyami Curtis (Pegomyia mixta Vill.) was negative, which is means that an increase in larvae numbers caused a decrease in roots yield and vice-versa.In both seasons, Pegomyia hyo-scyami Curtis larvae registered two seasonal peaks of abundance that occurred in February and March.The determined economic threshold level for Pegomia hyo-scyami Curtis was 19 larvae / plant and the economic injury level was 22 larvae / plant in the first season. But the values were 21 larvae / plant and 22 larvae / plant, in respect, in the second season.

Y MAY of 2019, it was the first time to report fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) at Upper Egypt. So, two field experiments were conducted at Nubaria region, Behaira Governorate to find out the relationship between population of S. frugiperda larvae and maize grain yield, and to assess yield loss%, voltinism (annual number of generation) and to evaluate the economics of maize production under the circumstances of some insecticidal applications. The RCBD with four replicates was used and treatments included two insecticides (methomyl and emamectin benzoate) applied in trinary or binary sequences against fall armyworm. There was a negative correlation between population of S. frugiperda larvae and maize grain yield. Applying methomyl and emamectin benzoate in a trinary sequence produced the highest maize yield; 4.249 and 3.416 t/fed in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. The highest quantitative yield losses were found in untreated check plots;77.76 and 78.89% in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. Methomyl, emamectin benzoate and methomyl sequence produced the highest net benefit over untreated check and net benefit/ total costs (%).The insect pest had 5 generations on maize plants during the growth period from May1 st to November 30 th in both seasons. To avoid the widespread off all armyworm, in Egypt, the growers are recommended to spray a sequence of insecticides, including methomyl 15 days after planting, emamectin benzoate, and methomyl at recommended doses with 10 day-interval between each two pesticide applications.