Although migration was relatively gender balanced for much of the twentieth century, in recent decades there has been an increase in women-predominant or feminized flows, often indicative of a demand for care work migrants, who provide domestic work, childcare, elder care, and other forms of care for wealthier families (Parreñas 2012). Yet gender imbalances in migration remain understudied by quantitative scholars (Donato and Gabaccia 2015). Using an unusually global World Bank bilateral migration data set (Özden et al. 2011), we estimate (Abel 2013) and map the largest feminized transnational flows, in which women constitute more than 53 percent of migrants (Donato and Gabaccia 2015) between 1990 and 2000 (Figure 1). Our visualization depicts movements among the 51 countries with the largest absolute feminized flows. Most of these feminized flows occur within regions. Yet flows to countries such as the United States, Canada, France, and the Great Britain, and flows from countries such as the Philippines, Indonesia, Russia, and China, often traverse regions. Migration within Asia, as well from Asia, is particularly interesting. The largest feminized movements within and between South East and East Asia include flows from Malaysia to Singapore and from China to Hong Kong and Japan. Smaller feminized flows exist from the Philippines to Japan and Taiwan, from Indonesia to Taiwan and Singapore, and from Korea to Japan. Many of these flows-including those from the Philippines to Saudi Arabia, which are very intensely feminized-likely indicate care work (Oishi 2005).

Notes on CEPII's distances measures

A charpai is a woven bed without a backboard made of natural fibers.Aakash Sadan shelter who had been evicted from his home by the state. As we sat on a charpai,

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