As in every field, nanofibers continue to play an increasing role in environmental applications. Thanks to the unique features due to their dimensions, they enable the design and creation of indispensable products for separation, filtration, adsorption, and sensor applications over time. For years, research has been carried out by obtaining nanofiber surfaces from a wide variety of polymers with different nanofiber production techniques to generate creative solutions in the adsorption of various substances. The number of studies on this subject is so large that this review is limited to only methylene blue adsorption. The potentials of nanofibers for removal of methylene blue from wastewater, and some of their applications in the literature are highlighted in this review.