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Abstract. The Karst ecosystem in East Kalimantan is predominantly located in the Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat covering an area of 1,867,676 hectares. The exokarst are all features that may be found on a surface karst landscape. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of tree vegetation (diameters >10 cm) on different slopes. Six study locations were selected as replications where each location consisted of the different of slopes. The sample plot was set up 15 plots in each location on quadrants of 10 m x 10 m. 538 individuals had been found in the study sites consisting of 163 species, 100 genera and 43 family. The Dipterocarpaceae was dominant on slopes and the upper ridges, while Shorea sp. has dominated on the upper ridges. The highest diversity index (H') of 4.04were found on the slopes and valley while the Species Richness Index (R) and Evenness Index (e) were high in all three slopes. The highest Similarity Index (ISs) of41.06was in the slopes and valley, while the highest Decimilarity Index (ID) of 67.30were in the slopes and upper ridges. Meanwhile, the overall diversity of species in the Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat exokarst area is high.

Indonesia is a biodiversity-rich country with the second-largest tropical forest in the world. One East Kalimantan Forest area in focus is the Hemaq Beniung Customary Forest. The Hemaq Beniung Customary Forest is the first customary forest with its license granted in East Kalimantan by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia. Information on vegetation diversity is essential to ensure sustainable management of this forest area. This research provides such information through a survey with purposively chosen samples representing Hemaq Beniung Customary Forest. The study reveals that the Importance Value Index of vegetation in different habitus (i.e., seedling, sapling, pole, and tree) are low, except for Elateriospermum tapos Blume, which has a moderate value for the vegetation at the pole and tree habitus. The research also shows a high Richness Index (R), high Diversity Index’(H'), an almost evenly distributed Evenness Index (e), and a low Dominance Index (C). Syzygium borneensis (Miq.) Miq. and Knema elmerii Merr. have the highest Importance Value Index for seedling and sapling habitus, respectively, while Elateriospermum tapos Blume has the highest Species Significance Index for both pole and tree habitus. This study also found two dipterocarp tree species categorized as Critically Endangered (CR), namely Shorea johorensis Foxw. and Shorea lamellata Foxw. The presence of these CR species calls serious attention to managing the Hemaq Beniung Customary Forest mainly for hydrological function and conservation purposes while improving local communities' economy.

Abstract. Aminatun T, Suwasono RA, Putri RA. 2021. Flora and fauna diversity in Selangkau forest: A basis for developing management plan of cement industrial complex in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4555-4565. The management of natural resources for economic development often clashes with environmental protection. That is the case in East Kutai District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia which is faced with competing interests between the development of the cement industry and biodiversity conservation. This study is aimed to identify the diversity of flora and fauna in a forest ecosystem to be developed as a cement industrial complex in the Selangkau Village, Kaliorang Sub-district, East Kutai District, and to provide recommendations for environmental management plans as part of the conservation efforts. A vegetation survey using purposive sampling was performed at four vegetation stages: seedlings, saplings, poles and trees. Analysis was done to examine the diversity, dominance, evenness, richness and importance value indices.  The fauna study was conducted by the exploration method to collect data on mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles. The vegetation study recorded 29 species including Buchanania arborescens Blume which had the highest importance value in all growth stages.  One species of tree (Shorea glauca) found in this area is also classified as endangered species with high conservation importance. The fauna study found 42 species of birds, 7 of which are protected, 14 species of mammals, 5 of which are protected and 11 species of amphibians and reptiles. Efforts to save the protected species are necessary in response to the new cement factory construction plan in the study area, for example by reclamation and revegetation using the native plants recorded in this study and by transferring animal species into a new habitat that resembles the initial one.