This research investigates the impact of the three earnings management methods according to Dechow and Skinner (2000) and Gunny (2005), i.e., accrual earnings management (AEM), real earnings management (REM), and fraudulent accounting (FRA), on idiosyncratic risk. This research also examines the moderating effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on these associations. This research employs balance panel data consisting of 492 observations from 2016 to 2019. This research obtains 123 companies listed under the manufacturing industry of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) through purposive sampling. To test the hypotheses, this research uses multiple linear regression models. This research finds that all three earnings management methods are positively associated with idiosyncratic risk. Furthermore, CSR disclosure is proven to weaken the effect of accrual earnings management and fraudulent accounting on idiosyncratic risk, but this does not apply to real earnings management. These results are robust after a sensitivity test. This research fills the existing gap within idiosyncratic risk study. Among similar studies, this research is the first to investigate the effect of fraudulent accounting on idiosyncratic risk and the moderating effect of CSR disclosure. This research also raises awareness of the cost of idiosyncratic risk, especially in emerging markets with relatively smaller stock markets, which makes diversification more challenging. It provides insights to market regulators on how investors can benefit from more disclosures
Pentingnya informasi laba dalam iklim bisnis di zaman modern seperti ini menuntut setiap perusahaan untuk menghasilkan laba yang berkualitas demi memenuhi keinginan investor. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan tata kelola yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan manajemen laba untuk dapat menghasilkan laba yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tata kelola perusahaan, manajemen laba riil, dan kepemilikan pemerintah terhadap kualitas laba. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 23 perusahaan yang konsisten berada dalam indeks LQ45 sepanjang periode 2016 hingga 2020 yang dipilih berdasarkan metode purposive sampling, sehingga didapatkan total sebanyak 115 observasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan model regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel tata kelola perusahaan, yang diproksikan oleh kepemilikan manajerial dan komite audit berepngaruh positif sedangkan kepemilikan institusional dan dewan komisaris independen berpengaruh negatif terhadap kualitas laba. Untuk variabel manajemen laba riil, hanya manipulasi arus kas saja yang berpengaruh negatif, sedangkan manipulasi beban diskresioner dan biaya produksi berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas laba. Sedangkan kepemilikan pemerintah memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap kualitas laba.
Praktik manajemen laba merupakan isu global yang penting dalam bidang pelaporan keuangan. Salah satu bentuk dari manajemen laba adalah perataan laba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan manajer perusahaan dalam melakukan perataan laba ditinjau dari aspek teori akuntansi positif; rencana bonus, perjanjian utang, dan biaya politik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada sektor infrastruktur, utilitas, dan transportasi yang terdaftar dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015—2019 berdasarkan klasifikasi JASICA. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan total observasi sebanyak 90. Penelitian menggunakan tiga variabel independen, yaitu: rencana bonus (bonus plan), perjanjian utang (debt covenant), dan biaya politik (political cost). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel yang dianalisis memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kecenderungan manajer untuk meratakan laba. Walaupun ketiga variabel dihipotesiskan memiliki hubungan positif pada perataan laba, hanya biaya politik yang terbukti memiliki hubungan sesuai hipotesis. Implikasi teoritis pada penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai pendukung teori sinyal dan teori akuntansi positif. Sementara, implikasi praktis bagi para investor dan kreditur adalah pembuatan keputusan berinvestasi yang lebih baik bagi para pemilik modal dan kreditur. The practice of earnings management has been widely an issue in the financial reporting around the world. One form of earnings management majorly studied is income smoothing. This study aims to examine the factors from positive accounting theory; namely bonus plan, debt covenant, and political cost, on its impact towards managerial tendency to practice income smoothing. The method used in this study ia a quantitive method. This research was conducted throughout the infrastructure, utility, and transportation sector in refer to JASICA classification for the 2015 to 2019 period, in which 18 samples were gathered from purposive sampling scheme, generating 90 observations in total. The study uses three independent variables, namely: bonus plan, debt covenant, and political cost. The results show that each variable has significant effect on the practice of income smoothing. Whilst all variables were assumed to have positive association, only political cost exhibited such direction, while bonus plan and debt covenant are negatively associated with income smoothing. The theoretical implications of this research can be used as a support for signal theory and positive accounting theory. Meanwhile, the practical implications for investors and creditors are making better investment decisions for investors and creditors.
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