The present article seeks to discuss the phonological process concerning the alterations in English sounds produced by Indonesian EFL students. This study drew on generative phonology and utilized Schane’s (1973) categories of the phonological process to highlight the changes in English sounds. This study applied a qualitative method with a descriptive research design. All data of this study were gathered through digitally recording eight EFL students’ oral presentations in the research proposal seminars. According to the results of this study, the transformations in the English sounds arose in both the consonant and vowel sounds of the English, where these changes attributed to the four categories of phonological process, including assimilation, dissimilation, deletion, and insertion. The present study also found the occurrences of a double and triple different phonological process in single word utterance produced by participants of this study. This study signified that such changes in English sounds occurred owing to the mother tongue influence. The results of this study offer a significant contribution to the insights into both linguistics and EFL instruction.

This study aimed to identify and describe the phonological rules applied by the students from Instagram Feed Video in pronouncing English sound. The term of phonological rule or called phonological process is refers to the theory of Schane (1973). This study focused on four types only, which were assimilation, dissimilation, deletion, and insertion. The factors that influence the phonological rule or process were discussed during the investigation. This study employed descriptive qualitative method inquiry in describing the case of phonological rule applied in Instagram feed video whether from consonant or vowel sound. The objects of this study were students from Instagram feed videos. The data were obtained from student’s pronunciations in Instagram Feed Videos. Besides Schane’s (1973) theory, this study also utilized the other experts’ ideas as well. This study was conducted at State of Gorontalo University. The research findings showed that the phenomenon of English phonological rule or process are found in four types proposed the focus of this study which are assimilation, dissimilation, deletion, and insertion with the highest number occurrence of assimilation (13). In assimilation it is highly occur on vowel sound. The dissimilation occurs at the three positions of the word; initial, medial, and final position. In deletion, they prefer to delete one of the three adjacent consonant clusters. Meanwhile in insertion, also vowels are the most inserted to break up the strings of consonant cluster. The results revealed that the students tend to make a sound change in producing English sound due to ease their pronunciation, because some of those sound does not exist in their native language sound system, therefore they change the sound with the similar sound that available in their language sound system. The result of this study offers a significant contribution in linguistics, especially in phonology and pronunciation.

The use of taboo words is strongly influenced by culture. In the growing discourse of use of taboo words in social reality, men are often portrayed to have discourteous traits and utter any form of taboo words when compared to women. However, a movie entitled Death Proof does not show the same trend. The present research aimed at investigating taboo words in the mentioned movie by focusing on their types and motives. Through the utilization of observation and documentation techniques, the data comprised utterances of the main characters that contained taboo words. The results revealed that the main characters employed taboos of profanity, obscenity, vulgarity, epithet and insult. Pertaining to women, they also fulfill those various classifications. Conversely, insult and profanity were the typical types men uttered during the movie. In regard to the motives of using taboo words, it was discovered that psychological, social and linguistic motives tend to stimulate male characters to utter taboo words, while women are merely affected by psychological and social motives. From the results, the research concludes that female characters utter taboo words more variably than men. However, women’s variability on the production of taboo words is limited to certain situations, while men apply taboo words in multiple contexts.

The symptoms of aphasia will vary depending on the type of aphasia. This study examined symptoms to determine the type of aphasia. Qualitative data collection involved observation and documentation. This investigation found that the main character's Broca's aphasia is the most dominant. There are 5 of the 7 symptoms that happened in Lotje's case. The most common symptom is non-fluent (55 data), followed by naming (15 data), agrammatism (10 data), and phonological literal paraphasia and verbal paraphasias (3 data). This study suggests that reading about aphasia can help readers communicate with persons who have it.

Motolobalango traditional procession is a cultural activity that has been hereditary done by people of Gorontalo. In this traditional procession, there is a dialogue between the two spokesmen, from the family of the groom and the bride's family. The procession occurred in a sacred custom event. For some people, this procession is only as a part of the procession which must be passed if the wedding is done by customary, so the traditional procession of meaning is often overlooked. From the traditional procession of motolobalango, the interactions of both spokesmen show discourse that reflects the realities of the knowledge of society of Gorontalo namely the relationship between language and culture. The purpose of this study is to reveal and to explain the philosophical values in the traditional procession of motolobalango and also one way of maintain Gorontalo language from extinction. Motolobalango traditional procession has philosophical values that aims to glorify human being. This research data is qualitative data which is derived from dialog of the spokesman of the family of a man called 'Lundu dulungo layi'o (LDL) and spokesman of the woman's family called' Lundu dulungo wolato (LDW). Data were collected through observation and interviews, which are then analyzed through the ethnography of communication that uses units of interaction called Hymes with 'nested hierarchy', i.e the speech situation, speech events and speech acts. The values of philosophy in the traditional procession of motolobalango include worship, sincerity, appreciation, and tolerance values.