Pneumonia is one of the most serious infectious diseases in children and is one of the most common acute respiratory infections (ARI) which causes death in children under five. Pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five. Every year more than 2 million children in the world die from pneumonia and most (99%) occur in developing and least developed countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of providing health education using calendar media in increasing mother's knowledge in early detection of pneumonia in children under five in Secanggang Village, Kab. Langkat. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental research design with "one group pretest and posttest control group design". The population of this research is mothers who have toddlers who live in Secanggang Village totaling 98 mothers. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling, with a total of 40 people, namely 20 experimental samples and 20 control samples. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between mother's knowledge in early detection of pneumonia in toddlers between those who were given health education with calendar media and without calendar media, the p-value was 0.031. Because the p-value <0.05, Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge of parents of children under five on detecting pneumonia.

ABSTRAK   Hipertensi adalah masalah global. Data dari WHO menunjukkan bahwa angka kematian yang disebabkan oleh komplikasi hipertensi pada tahun 2013 mencapai 9,4 kematian di seluruh dunia. Analisis lebih lanjut yang dilakukan oleh RISKESDAS 2013 (Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013) menggambarkan bahwa persentase hipertensi pada wanita usia reproduksi adalah 23,6%. Wanita dengan hipertensi kronis dapat menyebabkan komplikasi selama kehamilan dibandingkan dengan mereka yang tidak menderita hipertensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hipertensi pada wanita pasangan usia reproduksi 15-49 tahun di Puskesmas Bangun Purba, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini adalah studi kasus kontrol yang tidak tertandingi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Bangun Purba, Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Populasi adalah semua wanita pasangan usia subur yang hipertensi atau tidak yang datang berobat di Puskesmas Bangun Purba dari Januari 2016-Maret 2017 yaitu 541 wanita. Sampel terdiri dari 49 responden masing-masing dalam kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Analisis data terdiri dari analisis univariat, analisis bivariat dengan chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel usia mempengaruhi hipertensi pada wanita pasangan usia reproduksi 15-49 tahun. nilai OR = 3,6 (95% CI=1,448 - 9,054) Hal ini berarti bahwa responden yang berumur > 35 tahun beresiko 3,6 kali lebih besar mengalami dibandingkan dengan responden yang berumur ≤ 35 tahun.Berdasarkan analisis pengaruh obesitas terhadap hipertensi, diperolehnilaip< 0,05 Kesimpulannya, variabel konsumsi garam, obesitas dan usia mempengaruhi kejadian hipertensi dan variabel yang paling berpengaruh adalah variabel konsumsi garam. Pengaturan diet untuk mengonsumsi garam tidak lebih dari 5 gr sehari dan menjaga berat badan ideal bagi wanita pasangan usia reproduksi 15-49 tahun yang hipertensi atau tidak.  Kata kunci: Kejadian hipertensi, Pasangan usia subur, umur ABSTRACT Hypertension is a global problem. Data from WHO shows that the mortality rate caused by hypertension complications in 2013 reached 9.4 deaths worldwide. Further analysis conducted by RISKESDAS 2013 (Basic Health Research 2013) illustrates that the percentage of hypertension in women of reproductive age is 23.6%. Women with chronic hypertension can cause complications during pregnancy compared to those without hypertension. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that influence hypertension in women of reproductive age groups 15-49 years at the Bangun Purba Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency, in 2017.This research is a case control study that is unmatched. This research was conducted at the Bangun Purba Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency. The population was all women of childbearing age couples who were hypertensive or not who came for treatment at Puskesmas Bangun Purba from January 2016-March 2017, namely 541 women. The sample consisted of 49 respondents each in a case and control group. Data analysis consisted of univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi square.The results showed that the age variable affected hypertension in female partners of reproductive age 15-49 years. OR value = 3.6 (95% CI = 1,448 - 9,054) This means that respondents aged> 35 years at risk are 3.6 times more likely to experience compared to respondents aged ≤ 35 years. Based on an analysis of the effect of obesity on hypertension, a value of <0.05In conclusion, the variable salt consumption, obesity and age affect the incidence of hypertension and the most influential variable is the salt consumption variable. Dietary arrangements to consume salt no more than 5 grams a day and maintain ideal body weight for women of reproductive age groups 15-49 years who are hypertensive or not.

Breastfeeding is an art that must be relearned. All it takes is patience, time, a little knowledge about breastfeeding, and support from the environment, especially the husband. A study in Ghana published in the journal Pediatrics showed 16% of infant deaths could be prevented through breastfeeding the baby from the first day of birth. This figure increases to 22% if breastfeeding begins within the first hour after the birth of the baby. This research is descriptive using primary data, and the sample used is random sampling with a population of 34 respondents and a sample of 30 respondents. From the results of the study, it is known that based on knowledge the majority of respondents have less knowledge as many as 16 respondents (53.33%), while the minority with good knowledge are 5 respondents (16.67%). Based on the age of pregnant women with less knowledge, the majority at the age of 21-30 years as many as 9 respondents (30%) and the minority of pregnant women with sufficient knowledge at the age of <20 years as many as 1 respondent (3.33%). 9 respondents (30%) in high school and a minority of pregnant women with good knowledge in elementary school as many as 1 respondent (3.33%). Based on information sources, the majority of pregnant women have less knowledge of the mass media as many as 13 respondents (43.33%) and the minority with good knowledge of health workers as many as 1 respondent (3.33%) and sufficient knowledge of the mass media as many as 1 respondent (3.33% ). It is hoped that health workers will provide more information about health education or counseling for pregnant women to understand the correct breastfeeding technique and how to breastfeed properly.

Tuberculosis (TB) pada anak sering kali tidak terdiagnosis dari mereka lahir sampai berusia 15 tahun karena keterbatasan dalam akses ke pelayanan kesehatan atau karena petugas kesehatan yang merawat tidak siap untuk mengenali tanda-tanda dan gejala TB. Faktor penyebab terjadinya TB adalah Status Imunisasi, Lingkungan, dan kontak dengan penderita TB/riwayat penyakit TB keluaraga. Jenis penelitian ini adalah case control,  yang dilakukan di RSU Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 33 orang dan sampel yang digunakan adalah total populasi yang terdiri dari 33 orang kelompok kasus dan 33 orang kelompok kontrol. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari analisis unvariat, analisis bivariat dengan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi berpengaruh terhadap kejadian TB paru pada anak usia 1-5 tahun yang telah mendapatkan imunisasi BCG di RSU Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan dengan nilai p < 0,05, nilai OR = 5,812 (95% CI = 1,148 – 29.436) artinya anak yang status gizinya tidak normal 5,8 kali lebih berisiko terkena infeksi paru dibandingkan dengan anak yang status gizinya tidak normal. Disarankan  kepada tenaga kesehatan untuk memberikan informasi tentang tanda dan gejala TB paru, pencegahan terjadinya infeksi TB paru, serta pemberian makanan bergizi untuk pemenuhan zat-zat gizi pada anak untuk peningkatan daya tahan tubuh anak melalui konseling ataupun penyuluhan.