Introduction:The design of an appliance for retraction of six anterior teeth using orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) anchorage and sliding mechanics must take into account the position and height of the mini-implant and the height of the anterior retraction hook, we used finite element analysis to examine effective en masse retraction with orthodontic mini-implant anchorage and sought to identify a better combination of the above factors.Materials and methods: Base models were constructed from a measurements given in the Wheeler's dental anatomy book. The center of resistance for the 6 anterior teeth in the base model was calculated. The working archwires were assumed to be 0.019" × 0.025" in stainless steel. The amount of tooth displacement after finite element analysis was measured. Results and conclusions:In low OMI (6 mm) anteriors showed tipping movement. Mid implant condition (8 mm) showed more of bodily movement during retraction as the force passes near or through the CRs of all the six anterior teeth. In high OMI (10 mm) and 0 mm ARH condition, all the six anterior teeth showed intrusion with retraction.

A 9-year-old boy reported with swelling on right side of the face after injury by a cricket ball while fielding. There was a history of hot fermentation after which the swelling increased in size leading to a temporal space abscess. The patient underwent incision and drainage with uneventful healing and was followed-up for a period of 7 years.

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The most important procedures in orthodontic practice is bonding brackets to tooth enamel. The adhesive force should be enough to keep the bracket in position throughout the orthodontic treatment, but not strong enough to cause damage on its debonding to the enamel. Lopez, as well as Reynolds, suggests that shear strength should be 6-8. [1] Equivalent traction would be about 5 MPa.Since the inception of lingual orthodontics, it was necessary that orthodontist had to think of an optimal straight wire technique because of the reduced interbracket span on the lingual surfaces with its associated biomechanical consequences and the problems encountered while working on the lingual surface and also because of the anatomical irregularities of the teeth on that side. The introduction of computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology has made it possible to produce brackets with an adaptable base and with the necessary precision for all lingual surfaces, also it became obvious that there was a need for indirect bonding involving bracket positioning on cast models. Three popular indirect bonding systems are the Torque Angulation Reference Guide (TARG), Class and Pacon systems.Shear bond strength (SBS) is the main factor, which has to be considered in the evolution of bonding materials. The bond strength of the orthodontic bracket must be able to withstand the forces applied during the orthodontic treatment.