Spectrum sharing is of paramount importance in television white space (TVWS) wireless communications. Secondary users must ensure that their operation in any TV channel does not interfere with the transmission of the primary users and other secondary users. This paper presents a menu-driven interface (MDI) which a secondary user inquirer may utilize to determine the TV channels available. The MDI utilizes a reinforcement learning-based algorithm and an interference indicator to determine the availability of each TV channel for secondary use. The algorithm utilized a set of parameters to provide accurate data on the availability of the channel. These parameters include time, location, and the receiving antenna parameters. The algorithm was able to produce an accuracy of 94.69% in determining the availability of the channel based on the broadcasting time of primary users (PUs) and an accuracy of 84.38% based on four tested locations.
Internet of Things or IOT is the future of technological automation that helps everyday living easier. An application of IOT is for building or home automation. With regards to which parts of the building, creating a smart lighting and ventilation system is one way to implement IOT. This paper aims to create a system model for smart home lights and ventilation systems where they can be monitored and controlled wirelessly with Bluetooth connection. The main controller of the lights and mechanical ventilation is the Arduino microcontroller which has a Bluetooth module that would transmit and receive signals to the end-device which is a mobile phone. The mobile phone is equipped with an application that monitors the status and allows the user to control the lights and ventilation. The group was able to create a system model for lights and ventilation control and status monitoring using a mobile device, which connects to the microcontrollers through Bluetooth connectivity in a full-duplex connection. These systems have databases, the Rough Set Theory was used to analyze them.
Television white spaces (TVWSs) refer to the unused part of the spectrum under the very high frequency (VHF) and ultra-high frequency (UHF) bands. TVWS are frequencies under licenced primary users (PUs) that are not being used and are available for secondary users (SUs). There are several ways of implementing TVWS in communications, one of which is the use of TVWS database (TVWSDB). The primary purpose of TVWSDB is to protect PUs from interference with SUs. There are several geolocation databases available for this purpose. However, it is unclear if those databases have the prediction feature that gives TVWSDB the capability of decreasing the number of inquiries from SUs. With this in mind, the authors present a reinforcement learning-based TVWSDB. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a machine learning technique that focuses on what has been done based on mapping situations to actions to obtain the highest reward. The learning process was conducted by trying out the actions to gain the reward instead of being told what to do. The actions may directly affect the rewards and future rewards. Based on the results, this algorithm effectively searched the most optimal channel for the SUs in query with the minimum search duration. This paper presents the advantage of using a machine learning approach in TVWSDB with an accurate and faster-searching capability for the available TVWS channels intended for SUs.
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