This article discusses the main causes of the low energy efficiency and high energy intensity of Kazakhstan’s economy. A number of factors that constrain and enhance the process of improving the energy efficiency and energy saving of Kazakhstan’s economy are identified. The conducted studies substantiate the need to develop and adopt new measures in order to reduce the energy intensity of the country’s GDP. The analysis is based on statistics from the Committee on Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the World Bank. The energy efficiency indicators of Kazakhstan’s economy are compared with those of the CIS and developed countries. This testifies to the objectivity of the findings. The article suggests measures to improve the energy efficiency of the country's economy, which are grouped by the nature of their impact into economic, social and organizational (administrative).

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Deputy Editor-in-Chief A.M. Bakirbekova, Can. of Economic Sciences, Assoc.prof. (Kazakhstan) Editorial board Akimova B. Can. of Economic Sciences, Assoc.Prof. (Kazakhstan) Alibekova B.A. Can. of Economic Sciences, Assoc.Prof. (Kazakhstan) Amanova G.D. Can. of Economic Sciences, Assoc. Prof. (Kazakhstan) Aryn Y. М.

Natural and cultural sites is a basic elements of tourism development in all over the world. Kazakhstan has a significant number of objects of nature reserve fund and the historical and cultural heritage, which, along with the development of health-improving, ecological, ski tourism, also contribute to the development of ethnographic, gastronomic, cultural and educational and other types of tourism. The purpose of the study is to identify traits of the most attractive tourist destinations, as well as to study the degree of importance of natural, cultural and dual (natural and cultural) sites for target consumers. In this regard, a comparative analysis of the level of tourism development in 14 regions of Kazakhstan was carried out, using a two-step cluster analysis, the degree of significance of three types of sites for target consumers was determined. The findings of the analysis suggest that the Akmola, Almaty, East Kazakhstan and Karaganda regions are in the greatest demand among tourists. Along with this, natural sites are the most important determinants of tourism, cultural sites are the least important. Thus, tourists in Kazakhstan are more attracted by regions with a rich natural reserve fund than by historical and cultural heritage. In this regard, it is proposed to pay more attention to promoting the cultural sites of Kazakhstan. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that analyses 14 regions of Kazakhstan according to their basic tourism characteristics, identifies attractions that are underutilized, and proposes strategies to identify opportunities for the tourism industry in Kazakhstan. In this regard, its results can be very useful in justifying the feasibility of implementing the relevant regional initiatives and making a decision to reorient the efforts of interested government agencies to develop alternative types of tourism.