BackgroundLip prints are the normal lines and furrows in the form of wrinkles and grooves present in the human lip between the inner labial mucosa and outer skin having certain individual characteristics like fingerprints. ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to highlight the importance of lip prints in sex determination related to forensic investigation for identification. MethodsStudy was conducted on 150 medical students which include 75 males and 75 females of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre on 2011. Lip prints were collected and analyzed as per Suzuki's classification. ResultsThere was significant difference between male and female lip print patterns. Type II was most common combining both. Type I and I' was more common in male where as Type I was rare in female. Type II in fourth quadrant was seen in almost all female and also the commonest. Similar patterns in all four quadrants were common findings in female. ConclusionThe study showed that each lip print is unique and the sex of the person can be predicted on the basis of patterns present in prints.

Background: Organ phosphorus compounds are one of the most common causes of insecticide poisoning worldwide leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality especially in the developing countries like Nepal. The liver is the main organ that metabolizes various compounds including toxins, chemicals and drugs and eventually excretes from the body. Few studies have been done in Nepal to see the level of liver enzymes among the organ phosphorus compounds poisoning. This may helps in early diagnosis of acute hepatic failure and reduces OP poisoning related death. Materials and Methods: Retrospective chart review study was done with organophosphate poisoning attending Emergency Department followed by admission to Medicine ward or ICU of Dhulikhel Hospital from April 2014 to September 2017. And, laboratory data was extracted from laboratory software, MIDAS version 3.2. After collection of data, statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 software. Results: Majority of the patients with organophosphate poisoning were female with 64.8% and the majority (31.5%) of patient were of age group in the age group 16-25. Plasma cholinesterase level was found to be significantly decreased in the patients with organophosphate poisoning. Random blood sugar was significantly found to be raised in this study (125.77±52.3), p-value0.04. Among all liver enzymes, there is a significant negative correlation of Cholinesterase with AST (r = -0.35; p-value<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the level of liver enzyme do not correlate well in the cases of organophosphate poisoning except of AST, which has been raised significantly.

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