It is hard to ignore the importance of reading skills for desired proficiency in foreign languages. Reading can be beneficial for learners to immerse themselves in the target language and learn it efficiently. In EFL contexts like Saudi Arabia, learners face many challenges in reading skills. The main purpose of this research was to explore reading problems of elementary level students and causes of the readings skills inabilities. Following random and convenience sampling techniques; this mixed-method research obtained quantitative data from 290 elementary level students and qualitative data from nine teachers and supervisors. The analysis of quantitative data from the reading test and checklist and qualitative data retrieved from interviews suggests that students considerably perform relatively low in reading skills, and the main reasons are poor vocabulary, incorrect pronunciation, wrong spellings, slow reading pace, and flawed grammar. These five areas account for more than 90% of the challenges faced by learners in reading skills. Based on evidence from this research, we suggest that policymakers, teachers, and students should focus on these five areas for solving the issues related to reading skills. Although other avenues are essential, these items demand special attention to develop the reading skills of EFL learners in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere in the world.Keywords: Reading skill, Elementary level, Reading Pace, EFL

Technology integration has a great impact on learners’ learning styles and everyday life, where various encouraging responses come across in language learning institutions through the use of mobile technology. WhatsApp application instantly transfers information in different modes. At the present time it can be effectively used as a platform to engage learners with conventional classroom setting. The present study is an attempt to investigate learners’ attitudes towards WhatsApp application and their intention for future use. 32 EFL learners were exposed to learn vocabulary by the use of WhatsApp application for a period of 6 weeks. Data were collected by using questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The result exhibited higher levels (M= 4.4 and Mode 4.37) of the mean scores of the learners’ perception and (M= 4.3) on WhatsApp Usage attitudes.   The finding of the study indicated that learners expressed positive attitudes in using WhatsApp applications for vocabulary development. The present study also suggests that the integration of WhatsApp should be fortified to learners, instructors and institutions in developing other language learning process.

<p class="0abstract">The life of the common to the students have changed due to spread of COVID-19 9 all around the globe. All the educational institutions were also set to be functioned remotely following the global instructions to meet the challenges to combat the COVID-19. The of current inquiry is the explore the male and female learners on the use of mobile phones for Blackboard learn. The Study survey method to collect the data. 68 participants of the medical majors of the CFY formed the sample for the present study. The findings of the study indicate that learners preferred to use M-blackboard. The results also indicated that backboard which is a form of e-learning can be beneficial if it is used with the traditional classroom teaching to get the potential benefits of the software.</p>

<p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>T</strong>he existing technological expansion has transformed pervasive revolutions in modern civilization, with continuing innovation of services and products. Nowadays people are having different channels of communication.  Currently, mobile learning (M-learning) is being used extensively in teaching and learning foreign languages which further widens the mobility of learners. The usage of mobile instruction can lead learners towards a real interruption to learn effectively when used inappositely. The current study is an attempt to explore the potential usage of M-Learning in English for specific purpose (ESP) classes. For this intention smartphone were used in the ESP context for teaching Business English at the College of Business Administration at a public sector university in Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was distributed to 21 participants of the present study after a 5-week exposure to M-learning activities in the formal classroom. The findings revealed that ESP learners acknowledge M-learning as a prompt source of feedback in ESP. The results of this study also indicate that incorporation of M-learning in ESP learning with conventional classroom can support learners to develop their learning proficiency. Moreover, learners showed significantly positive attitude in mobile instruction in a formal classroom.</p>

Self-perceived communication competence (SPCC), communication apprehension (CA) and Willingness to communicate (WTC) are all well-researched constructs in language learning contexts. This research is an initiative to understand effects of SPCC and CA on WTC of Pakistani university students. Focusing on theoretical model in communication research by McCroskey and his colleagues, the current study draws upon quantitative data using three questionnaires from 88 language learners in a public sector Pakistani university and attempts to understand the role of SPCC and CA in enhancing the WTC of learners in multiple formal and informal contexts. Results suggest that acquaintance level with the participants and contexts of language use may be the important factors to effect WTC of learners for first/foreign language use. Findings of this research in formal context offer strong evidence that strong CA in one language can result in positive SPCC in the other language and becomes a reason to enhance WTC in that particular language. For informal context, there exists a positive relationship between SPCC and WTC in any particular language. If learners have a positive SPCC in one language, they demonstrate a strong WTC in the same language. Moreover, relationship of SPCC, CA and WTC depends a lot on degree of acquaintance that interlocutors share in formal context, however, there is lack of evidence in informal context to suggest any possible directions.