Introduction: Tracheostomy-related adverse events are a global problem, requiring coordinated approach for care of tracheostomised patients. The concept of ‘collaborative tracheostomy care’ was introduced by Global Tracheostomy Collaborative in 2012. For successful post tracheostomy outcome, nursing care is vital. Data on their knowledge, attitude and skills regarding tracheostomy care including outcome of a structured interventional workshop is not available from India. Methods: A validated questionnaire with items pertaining to knowledge, attitude and skills regarding tracheostomy care was administered to nurses working in intensive care units and wards. Following this, a workshop was conducted for hands-on training in tracheostomy care using didactic lectures, videos and simulation-based training. The participants took a post-test immediately and after three months. Skills were assessed before and three months after the workshop using a checklist. Results: Among 386 participants who attended the pre-test and workshop, 285 (74.2%) underwent post-test immediately and three months later. Overall mean knowledge score (± SD) of the participants in pre-workshop was 6.8 ± 3.5, immediate post-test score was 15.9 ± 2.7 and three months later was 11.6 ± 3.5 (p < 0.001) out of total score 20. The baseline score was significantly higher among ICU nurses. Three months post workshop skill assessment revealed no statistically significant increase in the proportion of participants who performed skills related to suctioning procedure. Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding tracheostomy care is inadequate among nurses. Otolaryngologists-driven structured intervention with didactic lectures, videos and hands-on training can improve all three domains to positively impact outcomes in post tracheostomy patient care. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03682-9.

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Introduction Tranexamic acid, a synthetic anti-fibrinolytic plasminogen inhibitor, a relatively safe drug, is reported to reduce bleeding in various surgical procedures. Our study was to identify the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative bleeding during tonsillectomy and adeno-tonsillectomy, a common paediatric ENT surgery done as day care procedure.  Materials and Methods  A randomised, placebo controlled, double blinded trial was undertaken with consecutive patients undergoing above procedures, sample size being 100, with 50 patients in each arm. Post induction, injection tranexamic acid 15mg /kg body weight and saline was given to the test and control group respectively. Intraoperative bleeding was measured and operating time was also noted. Results There were 80 participants, with 41 and 39 patients in treatment and placebo group respectively ranging from 4 to 32 years age. There was no significant difference in the amount of blood loss between the two groups. However, the duration of surgery was significantly lowered in tranexamic acid as compared to placebo group (p = 0.008).  Conclusions Preoperative use of tranexamic acid in tonsillectomy or adeno-tonsillectomy, significantly reduced operating time though no significant reduction of intra or postoperative bleeding was noted. This previously unreported outcome has surgical implication, especially in children, for possible use of this widely accepted safe drug during these procedures.