The utility of weights and measures is an integral part of today’s life. From any part of human history, the indirect or direct clues for the use of measuring units can be readily traced. This system of measurements is considered a basic principle when it comes to the study of any sciences. Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana in Ayurveda deal with studies on medicine dosage and administration in the prescribed manner. In ancient Mana methods of Magadha Mana and Kalinga Mana are compared in this article. Pautavamana, Druvayamana, and Payyamana are three types of mana based on the nature of the substance that is highly useful in Aushadha sevan matra. Therefore, for all purposes (pharmaceutical as well as therapeutic) the consideration of 'Mana' is essential. Be- cause of the greater significance laid upon 'Mana' in the field of medicine. Keywords: Mana, Magadha mana, Kalinga mana, Pautavamana, Druvayamana, Payyaymana.

Rasa shastra has given an auspicious position to Paradaas it has been considered as the physical essence of Lord Shiva. Vedas also consider Parada as a gift of nature. The classical test Rasaratna Samucchaya states that “Siddhae rase Karishyami Nirdraaridrayam agadam jagat” exposes the magical effect of Parada. Even though, administration of Asudha Paradacauses severe illness than that of poison. As it is associated with a lot of impurities, it is advised to do both Samanya Shodhana, and Visesha Shodhana(general and specific purificatory methods before its internal administration. Otherwise these impurities may cause various toxic effects in body ranging from mild fever to death. Hence Rasa acharyas mentioned a number of purificatory procedures both general and specific to eliminate the doshas associated with Parada. As per modern science Mercury comes inthree forms (Elemental, inorganic and organic), each with its own set of symptoms. The brain is the primary target organ for breathed mercury vapor, whereas mercurous and mercuric salts harm the gut lining and kidneys, confirming persistent exposure and methyl mercury are widely disseminated throughout the body.This article focuses on various doshas associated with Parada and its purificatory procedures.

Extraction is the first and foremost step towards the preparation of any herbal formulation and plant-based medicines are being used from the Stone Age to date for alleviation and mitigation from various ailments. In Ayurvedic therapeutics under the roof of Bhaishajya Kalpana extraction techniques have been employed since time immemorial. In the present scenario Extraction of herbal drugs is recognized by modern science due to its huge therapeutic utility in a number of disorders and the field of cosmetics and so many techniques have been invented and developed to separate extracts from plant materials. In Ayurveda, various Kalpanas were offered by our acharyas to extract out the active principle of herbs or plant materials in the form of medicines e.g. kwatha, hima, Phanta, ksheera paka, Sandhana, and Sneha Kalpana, etc. The present paper aims to highlight the significance of ancient extraction techniques so that the basic concept behind these formulations is understood, explaining their possible correlations with modern pharmaceutics alongside.

Rasashastra (Vedic chemistry) is the root branch of the Ayurveda (the science of life) that deals with herbomineral preparations. Abhraka (mica) is a mineral that classified in Maharasa group of Rasashastra. It contains several elements such as Si, Fe, Al, Mg, Na, and K as main ingredients. Four types of abhrakas are described in the Classics of Rasashastra including pinaka. Property of Pinaka is told that when it is heated on fire, the layers get separates. Intake of its bhasma causes severe constipation. The characteristic effect of pinak abhraka can be correlated with muscovite – paragonite micas. Because their perfect basal cleavage allows them to be split into thin, flexible sheets. Muscovite–paragonite series group of mica having hydrous potassium, sodium, aluminum, and silicate minerals. In this hydrous group, aluminum hydroxide causes constipation. In this paper, an attempt will be made to explain how does pinaka abhrak causes severe constipation.

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