Graphical abstract

Background Cleome viscosa is considered as an important medicinal plant extensively used in India, China, Bangladesh, and a few countries in Africa. In the present study, in vitro anti-radical and antidiabetic potential of isolated fractions of methanolic extract of C. viscosa whole plant (MeCV) has been investigated. The identification of polyphenols and their related functional groups in the bioactive fraction was categorized by using HPLC and FT-IR. Results The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of F-D were higher than those of F-A, F-B, and F-C. The F-D exhibited superior antioxidant capacity when compared with the remaining three fractions. However, the F-D showed the highest glucose diffusion activity over the 30 min–27 h incubation period and also inhibited both α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme activity. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of the two known compounds (protocatechuic acid hexoside, rutin) and six unknown compounds in the F-D. FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of phenol group. Conclusion The isolated F-D obtained from MeCV displayed superior antioxidant and antidiabetic activity which indicate the presence of polyphenols in the fraction. The data findings of the present study support the traditional uses of the whole plant of C. viscosa as a promising natural source of biological medicines for oxidative stress and diabetes.

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This study was designed to scrutinize the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of whole plant of Cleome viscosa and Cleome gynandra (MeCV and MeCG) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of MeCV, MeCG and Me.CV+CG combination at a dosage of 400 mg/ kg b.w for 28 days on diabetic rats. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant assays were measured by using standard procedures in liver tissue of diabetic and normal rats. There is a significant (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) improvement in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) in liver tissue of STZ induced diabetic treated rats when compared with the untreated diabetic rats and the contents of ascorbic acid (AA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were also significantly increased in the treated diabetic rats when compared with untreated diabetic rats. These results clearly indicated that the whole plants of MeCV have good hepato protective activity than MeCG whole plant in STZ induced diabetic rats.