Although the clinical features of gluteus maximus contracture syndrome have been frequently described, imaging features have been seldom described. Most commonly reported cases are those following intramuscular injection in the gluteal region although congenital contracture is an uncommon but important occurrence. This condition has most often been reported in children of school going age. These patients often present with difficulty in squatting, limitation of hip motion or specific deformities and often require surgical correction. We describe the plain radiography, ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of this condition in a patient with no previous known history of intramuscular injections.

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Background: Hepatic involvement in Dengue is known with protean of manifestations ranging from hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzymes to fulminant hepatic failure. Aim of the study was to study the hepatic manifestations in children with dengue illness. Methods: This is a prospective Study with 60 Patients hospitalized with Dengue infection (Seropositive for Dengue). Dengue Seropositive patients are selected and examined for Hepatomegaly and Jaundice and subjected to complete blood count and Liver function tests were analysed. Results: Of 60 serologically confirmed cases hospitalized with dengue, were classified into (i)(DF), (ii) DHF I (iii) DHF II (iv) DHF III and (v) DHF IV. In our study, upon 60 seropositive cases were reported at our hospital during the study period of which 18 were DF, 12 were DHF I, 15 were DHFII, 8 were DHF III and 7 were DHF IV respectively. The Hematocrit levels were raised 20% from the baseline in four classes of Dengue and not raised in DF. Most commonly occurred in age group of 5-7 years. Hepatomegaly was the commonest clinical sign seen. Thrombocytopenia was seen in 88% of all cases. Serum total bilirubin was raised in 10% of subjects with severe dengue infection in DHF III and DHF IV. Serum SGOT and SGPT was raised in 63.3% and 56.7% of patients with dengue of all classes including DF respectively. Thrombocytopenia occurred in 75% of patients with dengue fever, 98% with warning signs and 100% in severe dengue. Conclusions: In developing country like India, incidence of dengue outbreaks is increasing. Hepatic involvement of varying degrees have been reported. As hepatic dysfunction in dengue is transient and reversible, early identification of the same would help to reduce life threatening complications. The role of hepato protective drugs in reducing morbidity and mortality should be analysed by further studies.

Ulcerative colitis has been reported to show hyper coagulation leading to peripheral and rarely central thrombosis. A 35-year-old female was admitted with chief complaints of increased frequency of bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss for 2 months. The patient was diagnosed to have ulcerative colitis after sigmoidoscopy and biopsy and she was started on treatment. Two days later, the patient developed headache and seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain showed cerebral venous thrombosis with venous infarcts. A high index of clinical suspicion is needed to diagnose this uncommon condition so that appropriate treatment can be initiated.

Background: Bronchiolitis is a predominant cause of respiratory insufficiency and hospitalization in infants during the first year of their life. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been the major causative virus; other viruses also cause bronchiolitis. Some are activated in winter while another virus in non-winter seasons. This seasonal trend affects the morbidity in infants. In the Indian context, data regarding seasonal influence on the severity and complications of acute bronchiolitis is less. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the influence of season on morbidity on mortality in acute bronchiolitis.Methods: Infants or children <2 years of age, with the first episode of acute bronchiolitis diagnosed clinically, were evaluated. Clinical, demographic, radiological and risk factors were recorded and correlated with seasons.Results: The age of the infants was 4.0±2.9 months. Peak occurrence (87.7%) was within six months of age. 78/105 (74.3%) of bronchiolitis occurred during July to December. 22/105 (20.9%) were mild, 43/105 (43.9%) were moderate, and 40/105 (38.9%) were severe. The order of chest X-ray findings are consolidation <atelectasis <normal <pulmonary infiltrates <bilateral Hyperareation. Apnea was seen in 2.9%, Otitis media in 7.6% and seizures in 3.8% of infants. The season did not show statistically significant trend on the severity of bronchiolitis. There were no infant deaths due to bronchiolitis in the present study.Conclusions: In the present study, the season did not show statistically significant trend on the severity of bronchiolitis. Studies with more extensive population are needed to reassess the seasonal effects on morbidity of acute bronchiolitis.