INTRODUCTIONIn around 300 enzymes, magnesium acts as a cofactor. These enzymes are involved in many biological reactions. These reactions are vital in cell metabolism, they regulate the blood glucose levels, useful in the synthesis of the proteins, also maintain the health of cardiovascular system etc. Bone contains around fifty percent of total body magnesium. And remaining quantity is found in soft tissues. As for other minerals, the levels of magnesium in the body are governed by excretion rate and absorption rate of the magnesium. ABSTRACTBackground: For proper functioning of energy system in the body, magnesium is essential. Deficiency of magnesium leads to hyperactivity of central nervous system and neuromuscular system. During surgery or before surgery or after surgery there can be alterations in the volume of fluid and composition of electrolytes. Objective was to study the effect of surgical trauma on serum magnesium levels in the early postoperative period. Methods: The present hospital based cross sectional study was carried out for a period of one year among 35 cases of surgical stress and 10 normal as control. Institutional ethics committee permission was taken prior to the start of the study. Individual informed consent was noted from each individual patient from both cases and controls. Data was recorded in the pre-designed pre-tested semi structured questionnaire for the present study. Serum magnesium level was assessed in both the groups and compared. Results: It was found that the preoperative magnesium levels were more as compared to postoperative levels among both the types of stress groups but the difference was not found to be statistically significant. (p > 0.05) Among the mild to moderate stress groups, it was found that the preoperative magnesium levels were more as compared to postoperative levels among all the age groups but the difference was not found to be statistically significant. (p > 0.05) Among the severe stress groups, it was found that the preoperative magnesium levels were more as compared to postoperative levels among all the age groups but the difference was not found to be statistically significant. (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Occurrence of postoperative hypomagnesaemia plays a minor role in normal surgical convalescence.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic disease, and its prevalence are increasing in India. DM causes micro- and macrovascular complications. Inflammation is one of the contributing factor in the pathophysiology of DM. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate neutrophil and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in Biochemistry Department, Lt. B.R.K.M Government Medical College, Chhattisgarh, India. In this study, 150 type 2 DM patients were considered as cases and 150 normal subjects were considered as controls. Baseline data was collected from subjects. All subjects underwent physical and clinical examination. Fasting and post prandial venous blood samples were collected. FBS, PPBS, renal profile (urea, creatinine and uric acid) were estimated in serum sample. EDTA samples were used for complete blood count (CBC). Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and PLR ratio were calculated from CBC values. HbA1c was estimated using whole blood sample. Blood pressure and BMI were recorded. Results: In this study, mean age of 61.2±4.0 years, systolic blood pressure 136.2±14.4 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 100.1±12.5 mmHg, BMI 28.1±2.6 (kg/m2), FBS 180.7±22.3 mg/dL, PPBS 289.3±33.2 mg/dL, HbA1c 8.1±0.7%, serum urea 39.1±8.3 mg/dL, creatinine 1.1±0.2 mg/dL, uric acid 7.1±2.0 mg/dL, lymphocytes 18.3±3.0%, NLR 8.1±3.1, and PLR 20.3±7.1 were significantly increased in cases than controls. Conclusion: Elevated ratios of NLR and PLR may serve as markers of inflammation in T2DM. These are inexpensive and helpful to assess the inflammatory status in T2DM.