No abstract

The speed sensor fusion of urban rail transit train speed ranging based on deep learning builds a user-friendly structure but it in-turn increases the risk of traffic that significantly challenges its safety and transportation efficacy. In order to improve the operation safety and transportation efficiency of urban rail transit trains, a train speed ranging system based on embedded multi-sensor information is proposed in this article. The status information of the train is acquired by the axle speed sensor and the Doppler radar speed sensor; however, the query transponder collects the status information of the train, and is used in the embedded system. Various other modules like adaptive correction, idling/sliding detection and compensation of speed transition/sliding are used in the proposed methodology to reduce the vehicle speed positioning errors due to factors such as wheel wear, idling, sliding, and environment. The results show that the running time of the train is 1000s, the output period of the axle speed sensor is 0.005s and the accelerometer output period is 0.01s. The output cycle of doppler radar is observed to be 0.1s, the output cycle of the transponder is 1s and the fusion period of the main filter is observed as 1s. The train speed ranging system of the embedded multi-sensor information fusion system proposed in this article can effectively improve the accuracy of the train speed positioning.

Path planning for robots plays a vital role to seek the most feasible path due to power requirement, environmental factors and other limitations. The path planning for the autonomous robots is tedious task as the robot needs to locate a suitable path to move between the source and destination points with multifaceted nature. In this paper, we introduced a new technique named modified grey wolf optimization (MGWO) algorithm to solve the path planning problem for multi-robots. MGWO is modified version of conventional grey wolf optimization (GWO) that belongs to the category of metaheuristic algorithms. This has gained wide popularity for an optimization of different parameters in the discrete search space to solve various problems. The prime goal of the proposed methodology is to determine the optimal path while maintaining a sufficient distance from other objects and moving robots. In MGWO method, omega wolves are treated equally as those of delta wolves in exploration process that helps in escalating the convergence speed and minimizing the execution time. The simulation results show that MGWO gives satisfactory performance than other state of art methods for path planning of multiple mobile robots. The performance of the proposed method is compared with the standard evolutionary algorithms viz., Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Intelligent BAT Algorithm (IBA), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), and Variable Weight Grey Wolf Optimization (VW-GWO) and yielded better results than all of these.

No abstract

In this article, a planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual rectangular notchband characteristics (ie, GHz) is presented.The two-notch bands are chosen based on various wireless applications operating in C-band and X-band. The size of the antenna is very compact (25 × 25 × 1.6 mm 3 ) and is designed on a low-cost FR4 substrate. Co-planar waveguide (CPW) feed and beveling techniques are utilized for achieving the UWB operation. In order to yield the first rectangular notch, a U-slot and a pair of split-ring resonators are embedded into the radiating patch and the backside of the design, respectively. The coupling between these two structures is adjusted so as to achieve a rectangular band-notch operation. The second rectangular notch has been achieved by introducing the two mushroom type electromagnetic band-gap structures on the opposite side of the CPW feed. The parametric analysis for controlling band notches, time-domain analysis, and filter synthesis is also presented. Finally, simulated as well as measured results of S 11 , gain, radiation pattern, group delay, and total efficiency are demonstrated to show the suitability of this design for UWB systems. K E Y W O R D Sco-planar waveguide (CPW), electromagnetic bandgap (EBG), fidelity factor, filter synthesis, rectangular notch, split ring resonator (SRR) | INTRODUCTIONUltra-wideband (UWB) technology provides a unique solution in the field of high-speed short-range indoor communication. [1][2][3][4][5][6] However, it is still a major challenge to avoid interference with already existing bands in the UWB spectrum, such as , 5.8 GHz), X-band downlink, and uplink for satellite communication and 7.9 GHz to 8.4 GHz), C-band uplink and downlink for satellite communication (5.925-6.425 GHz and 3.7-4.2 GHz), and ITU-R (7.725-8.50 GHz). 3,4 Thus, UWB antennas should possess band notch characteristics. [5][6][7][8][9] Multiple design techniques have been provided in the literature for achieving band-notch characteristics in the UWB antennas, that is, slot and parasiticelementloading, 10,11 using fractals, 12 embedding split-ring resonators (SRRs) and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures. 1,3,[13][14][15][16][17] Further, Varactor diodes, PIN diodes, variable capacitors, optically controlled switch, magnetodielectric materials and microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) have been also used to achieve reconfigurable operation in UWB antennas with band-notch characteristics. 3,[18][19][20][21][22][23] The aforementioned designs have a common drawback that has not been assessed meticulously, that is, all these designs have a spiculate curve for notch band